Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100

Fruit ripening occurs when a small amount of ethylene stimulates enzymes that cause the fruit to produce even more ethylene. What type of feedback loop is this?

Positive feedback.

100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane going from a high concentration of water to low concentration is called

Osmosis

200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200
Describe what lipids can do to damage blood vessels.
Fat builds up along blood vessels and causes blockage, which causes a blot clot. This can lead to heart attack or stroke.
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300

What is the function of glycoprotein, and where are they usually found in the cell?

Cell recognition/transmission of signals; immune responses; cell membrane

300

Which of the four biomolecules are present in an egg?

Lipids, Protein

300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch, vegetables, grains, bread
400

What does Biuret's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?

Proteins; violet/purple

400

What process uses water to break chemical bonds? Is it anabolic or catabolic?

Hydrolysis; Catabolic reactions because hydrolysis breaks large molecules into smaller ones. 

400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500

What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane? What does it help regulate specifically in the body?

Stability and temperature

500

What solution is used to test for Complex sugars (starch), and what color indicates a positive result?

Lugol's Iodine solution; blue/black

500

Water moves towards?

Hypertonicity. Water moves toward higher solute concentration but more specifically…
Water moves toward areas with more charged/polar particles that it can interact with. 

500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme
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