Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100

What are the four main biomolecules?

Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids

100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100
Name two kinds of food that have saturated fat?
Butter, Lard, Meat fat
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200
Describe the two types of proteins
Structural--structural support Globular--enzymes, transport
200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200
Describe what lipids can do to damage blood vessels.
Fat builds up along blood vessels and causes blockage, which causes a blot clot. This can lead to heart attack or stroke.
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of structural proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
300

Which of the four biomolecules are present in an egg?

Lipids, Protein

300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch, vegetables, grains, bread
400
What does Benedict's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?
Simple sugars (mono- and di-saccharides); any color besides blue
400
Describe the polarity of a water molecule, and its effect on other water molecules.
Hydrogen atoms are slightly positive and Oxygen atoms are slightly negative; this causes hydrogen bonding which makes water cohesive.
400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500
Enzymes, Transport, and Regulation are functions of what kind of protein?
Globular
500
What solution is used to test for Complex sugars, and what color indicates a positive result?
Lugol's solution; black/brown
500
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic--give and take of electrons Covalent--sharing electrons
500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme
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