Biomolecules
Functions
Lab
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
DNA-Code for traits; heredity RNA- helps make protein
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200
Describe the two types of proteins
Structural--structural support Globular--enzymes, transport
200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200
Chemical used to indicate the presence of protein.
Buiret- blue turns violet
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of fibrous proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
300
Chemical used to indicate fats, and oils (Lipids)
leaves translucent spot on brown bag
300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch, vegetables, grains, bread
400
What does Benedict's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?
Simple sugars (mono- and di-saccharides); any color besides blue
400
Name the enzyme that "proofreads" DNA to check for mistakes
Polymerase
400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500
Enzymes, Transport, and Regulation are functions of what kind of protein?
Globular
500
What solution is used to test for Complex sugars, and what color indicates a positive result?
Iodine; black/brown
500
Name the enzyme that breaks substrate (Hydrogen Peroxide) to product (O2 and H2O).
Catalase
500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme
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