Biomolecules
Functions
Water
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100
why is water polar?
positive and negative ends
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200
Describe the two functions of proteins
Structural--structural support Globular--enzymes, transport
200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200
What is pH?
The range of hydrogen ions present in a solution.
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is a structural function of lipids (i.e. where are they usually found in the cell?)
Structure; cell membrane
300
What causes cohesion in water molecules
hydrogen bonding because of the polar nature of water molecules.
300
What is activation energy?
The energy needed to get a chemical reaction started.
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400
In addition to long term energy storage what are some additional functions of lipids?
Hormones, blubber, cell membrane
400
How can a water strider (insect)walk on water?
surface tension
400
Describe the polarity of a water molecule, and its effect on other water molecules.
Hydrogen atoms are slightly positive and Oxygen atoms are slightly negative; this causes hydrogen bonding which makes water cohesive.
400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500
What is the shape of of proteins for Enzymes, Transport, and Regulation
Globular
500
You can make red celery with water and food dye because of this characteristic.
capillary action
500
Identify the difference between ionic and covalent bonds
Ionic--give and take of electrons Covalent--sharing electrons
500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme
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