Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity, carries genetic information
100
What are the two types of lipids?
Saturated and unsaturated
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
Glucose
200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200
What is the life process called that builds complex molecules out of small molecules?
Synthesis
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name one monomer and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of proteins?
Help speed up chemical reactions when in the form of enzymes
300
What elements are found in carbohydrates?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
300
What is digestion?
Breaking down complex molecules into simpler molecules
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino Acids
400
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch, vegetables, grains, bread
400
What does Benedict's solution test for and what color indicates a positive reaction?
Simple sugars (mono- and di-saccharides); pink/red/orange/yellow
400
Describe the polarity of a phospholipid
Head - water loving, polar Tail - water fearing, nonpolar
400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500
Why are enzymes important?
Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
500
What solution is used to test for Complex sugars, and what color indicates a positive result?
Lugol's (iodine) solution; black/brown
500
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration
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