Vocabulary
CHNOPS
Chemical Bonds
Chemical Reactions 1
Chemical Reactions 2
100
What has a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons?
Atom
100
Why is carbon (C) so good at forming diverse structures?
Because it can bond with up to four other atoms.
100
Strong bond that involves the SHARING of electrons.
Covalent Bond
100
A + B -> AB
Synthesis Reaction
100
Define the terms "reactant" and "product"
Reactant = what goes into a chemical reaction. Product = what comes out of a chemical reaction.
200
define organic molecule
molecule containing a carbon atom covalently bonded to hydrogen atom
200
Which element makes up most of your body's mass?
Oxygen (65%)
200
Strong bond caused by the attraction between a positive ION and a negative ION.
Ionic Bond
200
AB -> A + B
Decomposition Reaction
200
Define the terms "exothermic" and "endothermic"
Exothermic = more energy is released. Endothermic = more energy is taken in.
300
Molecules containing a carbon atom covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom.
Organic Molecule
300
Which element is involved in creating ATP?
Phosphorus
300
Which kind of bond holds macromolecules together?
Covalent Bond
300
Is a Polymerization Reaction a Synthesis Reaction or a Decomposition Reaction?
Synthesis Reaction
300
What do all combustion reactions produce?
Carbon Dioxide and Water
400
Very large molecules made up of smaller organic molecules. Hint: Biological _______________
Biological Macromolecule
400
How many elements in total does the human body use?
25
400
What are the three major types of chemical bonds that are important in biology?
covalent, ionic, and hydrogen
400
What is the difference between Synthesis Reactions with Decomposition Reactions?
Synthesis Reaction = COMBINE Decomposition Reaction = BREAK APART
400
How does oxidation differ from reduction?
Oxidation = electron is lost Reduction = electron is gained
500
Name the 3 subatomic particles and their charges
Neutron = neutral charge, Proton = positive charge, Electron = negative charge
500
How many bonds can each of the following elements make: CHNOPS?
C=4 H=1 N=3 O= 2 P=3 S=2
500
Electrons can be shared equally or unequally in a covalent bond. What is the name for each type?
Equally = non-polar, Unequally = polar
500
Give 1 example of a Synthesis Reaction and 1 example of a Decomposition Reaction.
Answers will vary.
500
All chemical reactions require some initial energy. This energy is called: _______________.
Activation Energy
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