Atoms
What subatomic particle has a positive charge? Where is it found in the atom?
proton; nucleus
What property of water is described as the attraction between molecules of the same type? What type of bond is involved in this attraction?
cohesion; hydrogen bonds
Carbs are made up of what elements? In what ratio?
CHO
1:2:1
Lipids are made up of what monomers normally?
glycerol + fatty acids
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What elements make up proteins?
C, H, O, N
Enzymes end in what letters
-ase
Where did Mrs. Neely go to college?
Clemson
What is the atomic number for Gallium?
31
What property of water allows for water to travel up the sides of a graduated cylinder (the water sticks to the sides)?
adhesion
Name two functions of carbohydrates
1. Quick energy source
2. Make up cell walls
Lipids have what two main functions?
make up cell membranes, long term energy storage
What are the elements that make up nucleic acids?
C, H, O, N, P
What is the building block of proteins?
What energy do enzymes lower? What does this do to the rate of reaction?
activation energy; speed up reaction
What is the name of the Disney channel show that stared Miley Cyrus where she had an alter ego?
Hannah Montana
11
Describe capillary action in plants
The movement of water against gravity - water will travel from the roots to the leaves via cohesion and adhesion
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate? What is shape of the monomer?
monosaccharide - hexagon
Lipids are made up of what elements? What bond is more prevalent? Why?
C, H, O (c-h bonds) - more bonds = more energy
What is one difference between DNA vs RNA (in terms of structure)?
Deoxyribose vs ribose
single vs double
Amino acids combine to form a _________________ that then folds into a functional protein.
polypeptide chain
Lactase would break down what carbohydrate?
lactose
Name the seven dwarfs
sleepy, happy, bashful, doc, dopey, grumpy, sneezy
If Chlorine atom has a +2 charge, what would be the number of electrons?
15
Describe the specific heat of water
Water has a high specific heat where it takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature by one unit - protects marine ecosystems
Sucrose has what chemical formula (remember it is two disaccharides and we have to remove water to form a bond)
C12H22O11
Describe the difference between unsaturated and saturated fats.
unsaturated fats have single and double c-c bonds and saturated fats have single c-c bonds
Describe the difference between DNA and RNA (in terms of their jobs)
DNA is like the blueprint, RNA carries out the work
List the four main functions of proteins
1. transport molecules
2. speed up chemical reactions
3. fight disease
4. make up bones and muscles
Name two factors that can cause an enzyme to denature
pH, temperature
Name three taylor swift albums
answers vary
Describe all three bonds discussed in this class
ionic - transferring electrons, forming a + and - charge that are attracted
covalent - sharing electrons
hydrogen - hydrogen atom attracted to N, O, F
Describe the polarity of water
water is polar - partial negative charge oxygen + partial positive charge hydrogen
List the four polysaccharides + describe them
cellulose - (fiber) - found in cell walls
starch - sugar stored in plants
glycogen - sugar stored in the liver
chitin - exoskeleton of insects
What are the four types of lipids?
Waxes, Steroids, Phospholipids, Triglycerides
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
What makes amino acids different from each other?
R group
During a chemical reaction, atoms are _____________. Describe the difference between an exothermic vs endothermic reaction.
rearranged
exothermic reaction - energy is released
endothermic reaction - energy is absorbed
What is my daughter's name?
Vivian