Compounds
What are the two types of compounds we talked about in class?
Organic and Inorganic
What does pH stand for?
Potential of Hydrogen
Enzymes are ________________, that are also called calalysts.
proteins
What is the optimal pH for an Enzyme?
7
What is the monomer for carbohydrates?
glucose
Water and CO2 are what kind of compound?
What color does limus paper turn when placed into an acid, and a base?
acid - red
base - blue
What is the job of an enzyme?
to lower the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction thus making it faster
Give an example of an Enzyme
Lactase, Catalase, amylase, etc.
What is the monomer for proteins?
Amino acids
What are the elements that make up compounds?
C,H,O,N, and sometimes P
What range are acids, bases, and neutrals?
Acids - 0-5
neutral 6-7
Bases 8-14
Explain the "lock and key" theory.
Each enzyme is specific for one and ONLY one substrate.
Fit together like a lock and key
RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound?
Nucleic Acid
What is the monomer for Nucleic Acids?
Nucleotides
What are Monomers and Polymers?
Monomers are the small units, or building blocks that come together to make Polymers, the big units.
At what temperature do cells need to maintain?
7
What are the three factors that influence enzyme activity?
1. pH 2. Temperature 3. Concentration
The shape of a protein determines its
function
What are the monomers for Lipids?
1 Glycerol, 3 - fatty acids
What are the 4 groups scientists classify organic compounds into?
Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Lipids
What is the definition of an acid and a base?
Acid - excess H+ ions
Base - excess of -OH ions
What happens if an enzyme is exposed to a pH or Temperature that is not optimal?
Denaturation
Luciferin _____ATP Luciferase____ > heat + Light
In this chemical reaction, Luciferase is most likely a(n).....
enzyme
Give an example of each: carbohydrates, lipids, Nucleic acids, and proteins.
starch, fats, DNA or RNA, and enzymes.