TERMS
Monomers covalently bonded to each other.
What is a polymer?
This is an organic compund with about a 1 carbon:2 hydrogen:1 oxygen ratio.
What is a carbohydrate?
Large, organic molecules that do not dissolve in water.
What are lipids?
Contains information that determines the characteristics of an organism and directs its cell activities from the nucleus.
What is DNA?
These macromolecules are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus
What is nucleotide?
Most food labels are based on a ___ calorie diet.
What is 2000
Polymers are chains of _____ bonded together
What is monomer?
The largest component of a solution, which will dissolve the other.
What is solvent?
Name for a simple sugar, like glucose and fructose.
What is a monosaccharide?
Three foods high in proteins
What are meat, egg, beans, legumes, fish, tofu?
The cell membrane is made of this fatty acid, with two fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol.
What is a phospholipid?
Primary job of nucleic acids.
What is a store or transfer information?
These macromolecules are made of carbon, hydrogen,and oxygen, but few oxygen
What is a lipid?
What three nutrients should be limited on a food label
What is fats, cholesterol, and sodium
Enzymes are made of this macromolecule.
What is protein
Name one disaccharide
What is maltose, lactose, or sucrose?
The type of bond formed when two amino acids bond.
What is a peptide bond?
Three jobs of lipids in the body
What is long term energy storage, insulation, cell membrane structure, hormones, ?
Monomers of nucleic acids.
What is nucleotides
These macromolecules are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen,generally in a 1:2:1 ratio
What is carbohydrates
What percent is considered high in that nutrient on a food label?
What is 20%
Four things may control the rate an enzyme works. Ph level, amount of enzyme, salt concentration, and THIS, which was the point of the liver lab.
What is temperature
the two functional groups of a protein
What are the carboxyl (COOH) and amino groups (NH)?
Unlike most lipids, this class of lipid is NOT made of fatty acid, but instead, a carbon skeleton.
What is a steroid?
This form of nucleic acid is single stranded.
What is RNA?
Most of the elements needs in the diet will be classified under this category, and only need in small amounts.
What are minerals
How many calories per serving is considered to be a high calorie food?
What is 400?
What is the job of an enzyme
What is to work as a catalyst, which generally speeds up reactions
How to determine the percent of fat calories in a food.
What is divide the fat calories by the total calories, and multiply by 100?
What is the ribosomes
These lipids are typically animal fats and solids at room temperature; they also have NO double carbon bonds.
What are saturated fats
A nucleotide is made up of these 3 components.
What are nitrogenous bases, phosphate groups, and pentose sugar?
These macromolecules are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, with an amine group (NH) on one end, and a carboxylic acid group (COOH) on the other
What are proteins?
If carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 calories per gram of food, what macromolecule will double the calories per gram, and provide 9
What is lipids
The point where an enzyme and the substrate (what the enzyme works on) fit together.
What is an active site