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Biochemistry 1
Biochemistry 1
What is carbon.
long chains of simple sugars (monosaccharides) linked together
What is a Polysaccharide
chain of amino acids; combines to form ______
What are polypeptides
this nitrogenous base is not found in DNA
What is uracil
Type of bond that is responsible for water's unique properties, including cohesion, adhesion, surface tension and high specific heat.
What is hydrogen bond?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and Nucleic acids
What are Categories of Polymers (biomolecules) in living things
Made up of glycerol(3 carbon molecule) and 3 fatty acids(long hydrocarbon chain)
What is a Lipid/triglyceride
breaking down of proteins due to unfavorable pH, temp, etc. The protein doesn't function properly anymore.
What is denaturation
this level of protein structure involves the order or sequence of the amino acids.
what is primary structure of proteins
Type of covalent bond that is formed when amino acids combine
What is peptide bond
organic compound made up of sugar molecules that contain the elements of hydrogen and oxygen in a 2:1 ratio.
What are carbohydrates
type of fat - solid at a room temperature. ex. butter; fatty acid chains have single bonds
What are saturated fats
proteins and nucleic acids have this specific element
nitrogen
this level of protein structure is determined by the R group interactions. (positive and negative amino acids form ionic bonds; cysteine amino acids form disulfide bridges; etc.)
What is tertiary structure of a protein.
Type of bond between H and O within a water molecule. This bond contributes to water's polarity.
What is polar covalent bond.
Process by which biomolecules combine, water is produced.
What is dehydration synthesis (or condensation)
this biomolecule contains phosphorous
What are nucleic acids
This level of protein structure involves local folding of the amino acid chain into elements such as alpha-helices and beta-sheets, and relies on hydrogen bonding to maintain this structure
What is secondary structure of a protein
This type of bond is formed between charged amino acids and contributes to the tertiary structure of proteins. This is also the type of bond in NaCl.
What is ionic bond.
process by which biomolecules are lysed or broken down. water is a reactant.
What is hydrolysis
both DNA and RNA have these three components
What is - sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base
This level of protein structure arises from interactions between multiple polypeptide units.
What is quaternary structure of a protein
What is disulfide bridge