Changes without Selection
A sharp reduction in population size due to a disaster.
What is the bottleneck effect?
Viruses are not considered this because they cannot reproduce on their own
What is living?
This naturalist's voyage on the HSM Beagle led to major ideas in evolution
Who is Charles Darwin?
The number of kingdoms in the modern classification system
What is six?
When unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environments
What is convergent evolution?
Random changes in allele frequencies in a population.
Viruses need this in order to reproduce
What is a host cell?
He believed in use and disuse of body parts and inheritance of acquired traits
Who is Lamarck?
What is Plantae?
When two species evolve in response to changes in each other
What is coevolution?
Individuals move to a new environment (founding a population)
What is the founders effect?
The protein coat that surrounds a virus
What is a capsid?
The idea that changes in Earth's crust have resulted from continuous processes over time
What is uniformitarianism?
Organisms in this kingdom are prokaryotic and often live in extreme environments
What is Archaea?
The patterns of evolution in which a single species evolves into several different species to fill ecological niches
What is adaptive radiation?
Genetic drift reduced this in a population
What is genetic variation?
In this viral cycle, the virus destroys the host cell right away
What is the lytic cycle?
This early evolutionary thinker suggested that Earth was much older than previously believed, supporting gradual change
Who is James Hutton?
These are the two prokaryotic kingdoms
What are Bacteria and Archaea?
When two or more species sharing a common ancestor become more different over time
What is divergent evolution?
Genetic drift has a greater impact in these types of populations.
What are small populations?
Viruses cannot be killed by these common medications
What are antibiotics?
This scientist was puzzled by anatomical features that seemed to serve no purpose
Who is Buffon?
Members of this kingdom include algae, protozoa, and slime molds
What is Protista?
These are two results of divergent evolution