ATP-PCr System
What is the ATP yield from 1 molecule of phosphocreatine (PCr)?
1 ATP
The glycolytic system primarily uses which substrates for ATP production?
Glucose or Glycogen
What molecule is formed when pyruvate enters the mitochondria in the presence of oxygen before joining the Krebs cycle?
Acetyl-CoA
What is the process called that is responsible for the breakdown of triglycerides?
Lipolysis
ALL muscles exhibit maximal oxidative capabilities, TRUE or FALSE
False
The ATP-PCr system provides energy for approximately how long?
3-15 seconds
The glycolytic system is most active during exercise lasting how long?
30s - 2 min
The complete oxidation of one glucose molecule yields how many ATP?
32 ATP
Where does the process of beta oxidation occur?
Mitochondria
Type II muscle fibers have a GREATER oxidative capacity, MORE mitochondria, and HIGHER oxidative enzyme concentration compared to Type I muscle fibers, TRUE or FALSE
False
What is the role of PCr in the ATP-PCr system?
Provide energy that can be used to make ATP.
The glycolytic system is sometimes called what?
Lactic acid system
For each NADH that enters the electron transport chain, how many ATP are produced?
2.5 ATP
True or False: excess glucose goes to fat storage through Lipogenesis.
True
What form of training/exercise can develop BIGGER mitochondria and MORE oxidative enzymes per mitochondrion?
Endurance training
What is the enzyme that catalyzes PCr breakdown?
Creatine Kinase
When oxygen availability is limited, pyruvate is converted to what?
Lactate
During carbohydrate oxidation, electrons from NADH and FADHâ‚‚ are passed through what structure to drive ATP synthesis?
electron transport chain
What event/activity requires a high amount of oxidation?
A. 1 rep max squat
B. Nascar race
C. 50 meter swim
D. 800 meter run
800 meter run
LIPIDS serve as the primary substrate for at rest and exercise BELOW __% VO2MAX
60%
What happens to creatine kinase activity when ATP levels are high?
Creatine Kinase decreases
Which factor increases the activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK) during exercise?
High levels of ADP and AMP
Each turn of the Krebs cycle produces three NADH, one FADHâ‚‚, one ATP (or GTP), and what gas as a waste product?
carbon dioxide
What process makes free fatty acids usable for ATP, and what do they turn into?
Beta Oxidation, Acetyl-CoA
CARBOHYDRATES serve as the primary substrate during high intensity exercise ABOVE __% VO2MAX
75%