Glycolysis
What is Glycolysis?
A series of enzymatic reactions that metabolize glucose
What is Krebs Cycle?
Generates energy through oxidation of acetly-CoA and stored in the form of FADH2, ATP and NADH.
What is the Electron Transport Chain?
Where hydrogen carries NAD+ and FAD transport hydrogens and electrons
What is creatine made up of?
3 amino acids
What are all the macronutrients?
Carbs, proteins, fats, water and fiber
Where does Glycolysis occur?
Glycolysis occurs in the sarcoplasm of the muscle cell
What is another name for the Krebs Cycle?
Citric Acid Cycle or TCA
What is the role of NADH and FADH2 in the ETC?
Primary electron donors. They carry high energy electrons that are released when oxidized.
What are the short term benefits?
Increased cycling power, improvements in performance, total worked performed on bench press/jump
What is the difference between active and passive recovery?
Active: light/moderate aerobic exercise after exercised
Passive: no physical activity after exercise
How many and what are the products?
3 possible products: 2 pyruvic acid molecules, 2 NADH+ H+ molecules, and net gain of 2 ATP molecules
What does the Krebs Cycle set up?
The Electron Transport Chain
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
The final electron acceptor in the ETC is oxygen.
What are the long term benefits?
Increased muscle creatine content, possible lean body mass, strength, sprint performance, power, rate of force
What is EPOC?
Excess Postoxygen Consumption; improves O2 debt from energy borrowed, restores muscle/blood oxygen stores and increases metabolic rate due to elevated hormones
What are the key enzymes in glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase, Pyruvate Kinase and Glucokinase
What is the starting molecule for the Krebs Cycle? How is it formed?
The starting molecule is acetly-CoA which is formed by carbohydrates, fatty acids, and proteins
How much ATP is produced from NADH and FADH2 during ETC?
NADH produces 2.5 ATP and FADH2 produces 1.5 ATP
What can muscle creatine content allow for?
It can allow for a greater acceleration of ATP resynthesis
What was the term Dr. H said in class about fat?
"fat burns in the flame of carbs"
What is the net ATP yield from glycolysis? How is it calculated?
The yield is 2 ATP per molecule of glucose. Calculated by the 4 ATP generated minus the 2 ATP invested to get 2 ATP.
How does Krebs Cycle assist to cellular respiration?
It assists through a few things:
-NADH and FADH2 fuel ETC
-Producing ATP
-Releasing CO2 as a waste product
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
What are the two primary forms of creatine?
Creatine monohydrate and creatine ethyl ester
What are thre 3 main energy systems in bioenergetics?
Krebs Cycle, Aerobic Glycolysis, and ETC