PRINCIPLES
This principle is based on the idea of treating patients fairly and equitably.
What is justice?
The branch of philosophy related to morals, moral principle, and moral judgments.
What is ethics?
A female domestic sheep and the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer.
Who is Dolly the Sheep?
A state of deep unconsciousness that lasts for a prolonged or indefinite period, caused especially by severe injury or illness.
What is a coma?
End-of-life care that involves a home providing care for the sick, especially the terminally ill.
What is a hospice?
This principle states physicians have the duty to act in the patient’s best interest.
What is beneficence?
An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
What is a stem cell?
A US law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients' medical records and other health information provided to health plans, doctors, hospitals and other health care providers.
What is Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?
This technique, invented by Kary B. Mullis, allows for the amplification of DNA, creating millions of copies from a single template.
What is PCR?
A medical order to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) in respect of the patient's wishes.
What is a DNR or do not resuscitate order?
Concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior and the goodness or badness of human character or a person's standards of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do.
What are morals?
The discipline dealing with the ethical implications of biological research and applications especially in medicine.
What is bioethics?
This document from 1947 that establishes fundamental ethical principles for human medical experimentation.
What is the Nuremberg Code?
This type of DNA contains genes from more than one organism.
What is recombinant DNA?
The intentional and often painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma.
What is euthanasia?
This principle is based on the obligation to respect patients as individuals and to honor their preference in accepting or not accepting medical care.
What is autonomy?
A process that requires an understanding of pertinent information, ability to reason and make one’s own decisions, and freedom from coercion.
What is informed consent?
What is the name of the STEM cell line derived from Henrietta Lacks?
What are HeLa cells?
Imagine you are a researcher who discovers that a colleague has been falsifying data to support their hypothesis. What do you do?
What is report the colleague?
Greatest good for the greatest number of people and the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
What is Utilitarianism?
This principle states “Do no harm.”
What is nonmaleficence?
This branch of practical bioethics addresses ethical issues "at the bedside" and between patients, families, and health care providers and a practical discipline that provides a structured approach to assist physicians in identifying, analyzing and resolving ethical issues in clinical medicine.
What are Clinical Ethics?
A report from 1976 that identifies basic ethical principles and guidelines that address ethical issues arising from research with human subjects
What is the Belmont Report
The medical procedure consisting of stimulating egg production in a female, collecting those eggs, fertilizing multiple outside of the uterus, and implanting them back in.
What is IVF?
A bioethical debate over human cloning is often summed up by this phrase, which is a key concept in the nature vs. nurture debate."
What is genes versus environment?