Ch6 part 1
Define energy
ability to do work or bring about change
What is the main energy currency for cells
ATP
What are the reactnants of cellular respiration
glucose and 6 Oxygen
What process is done in humans if oxygen is not present for cell respiration
lactic acid fermentation
Question 1: What photosynthetic pigment allows plants to do photosynthesis
Question 2: What are the reactants for photosynthesis
Answer 1: chlorophyll
Answer 2: 6 carbon dioxide, 6 water, solar energy
In what form is most energy lost
Heat
What type of proteins speed up reactions
Enzymes
How much total energy is made from breaking down glucose in cell respiration
36-38 ATP
How many NADH+H are made in the citric acid cycle using both pyruvic acids
6 total (3 for 1st, 3 for 2nd)
Question 1: Which step in the light reactions use water
Question 2: what are the 3 steps in the Calvin cycle
Answer 1: noncyclic electron pathway
Answer 2: carbon dioxide fixation, carbon dioxide reduction, regeneration of RuBP
What is Catabolism and does it make energy or use energy
Breaking down of molecules, makes energy
Name 3 things that increase the rate (speed) of chemical reactions
more substrate concentration
higher temp
correct pH
enzyme activation
enzyme inhibition
enzyme cofactors
What are the stages of cell respiration in order
Glycolysis
Preparatory reactions
Citric acid cycle
Electron Transport chain
Where in the cell does the electron transport chain take place
inside the inner mitochondrial membrane
Question 1: What photosystem participates in the cyclic pathway
Question 2: What enzyme is used to fix carbon dioxide in the fixation step
Answer 1: only photosystem 1
Answer 2: RuBP carboxylase
What are the products in the following reaction
A+B->C+D
C and D
What do enzymes do that allow reactions to occur
lower the energy of activation
Which stage of cellular respiration is anaerobic
glycolysis
What step in cellular respiration makes the most ATP
electron transport chain
Question 1: How many times must the calvin cycle happen (turn) to let 1 G3P molecule leave the cycle
Question 2: What color of light does chlorophyll reflect
Answer 1: 3 times
Answer 2: Green
What type of reactions are spontaneous and release energy
Exergonic reaction
In an oxidation-reduction reaction, what happens to the oxidized molecule
it loses electrons
What is made at the end of glycolysis that then goes into the preparatory reactions
2 pyruvic acids
What enzyme makes the ATP during the electron transport chain
ATP Synthase complex
Question 1: What 2 molecules are made during the light reactions
Question 2: What molecule is used by photosystem 2 to regenerate its lost electrons
Answer 1: ATP and NADPH
Answer 2: water