What are subatomic particle, atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissues, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere?
100
Simplest form of matter that can not be broken down
What is an element?
100
What is the pH and what are the 3 regions in it's scale
What is the concentration of H+ ions expressed as the -log[H+]. The scale is 1-6.9 (acid), 7 is neutral, and 7.1-14 is basic?
100
The most important element in organic compounds on which all life is based.
What is carbon?
100
The four main macromolecules of life
What are lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates?
200
The levels of taxanomic organization and the 3 domains?
What are Domains, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species? The 3 domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
200
The 4 elements that make up 96% of living matter
C, H, O, N
200
The definition and cause of hydrogen bonding
What is that they are weak structural bonds caused by the attraction between the negative and positive poles of polar molecules. Ex. Water
200
The number of bonds carbon needs to make
What is 4
200
Example of Nucleic Acids, its building blocks and structure
What are:
DNA (A,C,T,G, Deoxyribose sugar and P), double stranded
RNA (A,C,U,G, ribose sugar and P) Single stranded
300
Charles Darwin's Theory (name and define)
What is natural selection, the evolutionary adaptation that the natural environment “selects” for the propagation of certain traits among naturally occurring variant traits in the population.
300
The determining factor on if elements form polar or non-polar bonds.
What is, if their electronegativity is the same the form non-polar bonds, but if they are different, the bonds are polar. The electrons get pulled closer to the atom with higher electronegativity.
300
Four emergent properties that contribute to Earth's suitability for life
What are cohesive behavior, ability to moderate temperature, expansion upon freezing, and versatility as a solvent.
300
Structure of a carboxyl group and and an example of where to find one.
What is: HO-C=O and at the carboxyl end of an amino acid?
300
The cause of a saturated fat to become unsaturated
What is the loss of H+ ions, causing the need for double bonds.
400
The difference between an independent variable and a defendant variable.
What is that a dependent variable is the one that is measured during an experiment, while an independent variable is the one manipulated by the researchers.
400
Chemical equilibrium is reached
What is when the forward and reverse reactions are equal?
400
Both a mole of sugar and a mole of starch have the same number of these.
What are molecules?
400
Structure of an amino group
What is: H-N-H
400
The eight types of proteins
What are enzymes, defensive, storage, transport, hormonal, receptor, contractile/motor, and structural
500
The difference between inductive and deductive reasoning and an example of each.
What is that inductive reasoning is the logic of making generalized conclusions based on careful observations (The sun always rises in the east), while deductive reasoning is taking a general observation and making a specific hypothesis (if the flashlight is out, then the batteries must be dead)
500
The two types of weak bonds and their differences.
What are hydrogen bonds which are an attraction between a hydrogen atom carrying a partial positive charge (δ+) and an electronegative atom (δ-) and Van der Waals interactions which occur between transiently positive and negative regions of molecules?
500
The burning of fossil fuels affects the ocean how?
What is that it releases CO2 which gets dissolved in the ocean and causes acidification. This in turn forms carbonic acid reducing the amount of free carbonate ions needed by marine life to calcify their shells.
500
If you have a molecule
P
O=C-C-C-C-OH
C NH2
Which part is responsible for making it basic?
What is the hydroxyl group -OH
500
The name and description of the four levels of protein structure.
What are primary (sequence of amino acids), secondary (a-helix & B-pleated sheets), tertiary (interactions between R groups ex. disulfide bridges), quaternary (combining of multiple polypeptides)?