Chapter 3
The structure in eukaryotic cells that is made of folded membranes studded with ribosomes and is involved with the modification and transport of proteins is the
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Phospholipids and proteins
Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another
Where does glycolysis take place within the cell?
At the cellular level, photosynthesis occurs within
Chloroplast
The structure in eukaryotic cells that is made of various filament capable of giving the cell its shape and moving organelles around in the cell is the
Cytoskeleton
When a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution
water rushes out and shrinks and becomes bumpy
The location on an enzyme at which the enzyme and substrate bind is called the
The largest number of ATP molecules is produced in which phase of cellular respiration?
Electron transport chain
What are the two sets of reactions for photosynthesis?
Light reactions, Calvin cycle
List the principles of the cell theory
All organisms are composed of one or more cells
Cells are the most basic unit of structure and function in organisms
All cells come from only other cells
When a substance moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration while using energy, the process is termed
active transport
Poisons are often enzyme ______
Inhibitors
Muscles undergo fermentation when
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Nucleolus, nuclear pores, nuclear envelope
When an intestinal cell ingests substances inside very small vesicles that can only be seen with an electron microscope, this is what type of endocytosis?
Pinocytosis
3 ways to increase enzyme activity
Increase temperature, increase substrate concentration, change to optimum pH
What are the stages of the Calvin cycle?
Carbon dioxide fixation, carbon dioxide reduction, and regeneration of RuBP
Imagine starting in the innermost space of the chloroplast and moving outward until leaving the chloroplast and entering the cytoplasm. What is the order of structures you would move through?
thylakoid space - thylakoid membrane - stroma - inner membrane - outer membrane
Interacts and binds to a molecule to help it move across a membrane, usually requiring a change in protein shape
If A --> B --> C --> D --> E represents a metabolic pathway, then letter E would be
A product
The final products of glycolysis are
pyruvate, ATP, and NADH + H+
NADPH and ATP are used in the
Calvin cycle