Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates have this ratio of C:H:O
What is 1:2:1?
Lipids fall into the categories: phospholipids, fats, oil, steroids, and ___________
What are waxes?
These are the monomers of proteins
The sugar found in DNA
What is deoxyribose?
The flow of DNA to RNA to protein through transcription and translation (respectively) is known as this
What is the Central Dogma of Biology?
The process by which a water molecule is removed in order to join monomers is known as this
What is dehydration synthesis?
This many fatty acid molecules join with one glycerol molecule to form a triglyceride
What is three?
The two functional groups in an amino acid include an amino group and this
What is a carboxyl group?
Adenine and guanine are considered ___________ Thymine and Cytosine are considered ___________
What are purines (AG)?
What are pyrimidines (TC)?
This type of RNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis
What is tRNA (transfer RNA)?
glucose, fructose, maltose, or galactose
What is maltose?
At room temperature, waxes are this
What is solid?
The four levels or protein structure include primary, secondary, tertiary, and _____________
What is quaternary?
The two DNA strands run in this direction of one another
What is anti-parallel?
The idea that each gene is responsible for making a single polypeptide is known as this
What is the "one gene-one polypeptide" hypothesis?
Two monosaccharides put together is known as this
What is a disaccharide?
A saturated fat has this many double bonds
What is zero?
This type of bond is formed when a dehydration synthesis reaction occurs to join together two amino acids
What is a peptide bond?
The type of bond between the base pairs that make up the DNA
What are hydrogen bonds?
This organelle's function is to carry out translation
This natural sweetener contains a mixture of sucrose, glucose, and fructose because there is an enzyme that breaks down the sucrose into glucose and fructose whose activity varies, and so leads to different amounts of sucrose, glucose, and fructose depending on how much breakdown is occurring
This process is when hydrogens are added to a molecule on both sides of a double bond in an unsaturated fatty acid
What is hydrogenation?
__________ and pH can have an effect on protein function
What is temperature?
The function of this enzyme in DNA replication is to break the hydrogen bonds between the bases and allow for the DNA strands to separate
What is helicase?
This type of point mutation changes a codon from one that codes for an amino acid to one that codes for a stop codon
What is a nonsense mutation?