Cell structures and biomolecules
The organelle that is the site of protein synthesis
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The flow of genetic information according to the central dogma of biology
What is DNA to RNA to protein?
The cellular process that unicellular, asexually reproducing cells use to reproduce
What is mitosis?
A version of a gene
What is an allele?
The first stage in cellular respiration
What is glycolysis?
The five molecules that make up most of the cell membrane
What are phospholipids, glycolipids, proteins, glycoproteins, and cholesterol?
The molecule that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytosol
What is mRNA?
The mitotic phase that separates sister chromatids
What is anaphase?
The structural difference between alleles
What is nucleotide sequence?
The mechanism that enzymes use to catalyze reactions
What is lowering activation energy?
The fastest form of membrane transport that does not require ATP
What is Facilitated diffusion?
The enzyme that sythesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the chain
DNA polymerase III
The stage of meiosis that reduces the number of chromosomes
What is meiosis I?
Chromosomes that are the same size and contain alleles for the same genes in a diploid organism
What are homologous chromosomes?
The cellular process plant cells use to make ATP
What is cellular respiration?
The relative amount of cholesterol present in the cell membrane of a cell that lives in Antarctica
What is high cholesterol?
The mutation that occurs when a single nucleotide is replaced in a DNA sequence and it changes the amino acid eventually translated
What is a missense point mutation?
The phase of the cell cycle where there is twice as much genetic material for the entire phase
What is G2?
The probability that a person heterozygous for a recessive trait will have a child with that trait with a person who is hemizygous for it
50%
event that would not occur if there was a mutation that changed the shape of proteins on the electron transport chain
What is generation of proton gradient?
the function of a cell that has large amounts of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
What is building proteins?
The event that occurred if a protein that should be 1200 AAs long is only 102 AAs long
What is a nonsense mutation?
The event in meiosis that results in an individual with Down Syndrome
What is nondysjunction in meiosis I?
The type of inheritance for this scenario: young adult male has a genetic heart condition. No one on his father's side has it, and the only person who has it on his mother's side is his grandfather.
What is X-linked recessive?
how cells either start or stop ATP production
What is feedback inhibition?