Nucleotide Structure
What is uracil?
This is the amino acid chain for this nucleotide sequence:
5'-AUGAGUCAU-3'
What is Met-Ser-His?
This type of mutation results in no change to the amino acid sequence.
What is a silent mutation?
Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA. Given this information, we know that the percentage of thymine in this sample is...
What is 8%?
After four rounds of PCR if the initial reaction mixture contained two DNA molecules, there would be ___ DNA molecules.
What is 32?
Adenine and guanine are this type of nitrogenous base that has two rings.
What is a purine?
This is the amino acid chain for this nucleotide sequence:
5'-AUGAAGGGACUC-3'
What is Met-Lys-Gly-Leu?
This type of mutation causes an early Stop codon.
What is a nonsense mutation?
Adenine makes up 28% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA. Given this information, we know that the percentage of guanine in this sample is...
What is 22%?
A mutation upstream of a gene has been identified that changes the sequence of the TATA box to GATA. This mutation would affect the transcription of this gene by...
... reducing or eliminating transcription factor binding and decreasing transcription of the gene.
TRIPLE PLAY: There are three answers!
These three nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines.
What is cytosine?
What is thymine?
What is uracil?
This is the amino acid chain for this nucleotide sequence:
5'-AUGCCAGCGGAGUCC-3'
What is Met-Pro-Ala-Glu-Ser?
This type of mutation causes an amino acid to be replaced by a different amino acid.
What is a missense mutation?
Thymine makes up 34% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA. Given this information, we know that the percentage of cytosine in this sample is...
What is 16%?
Given a template strand of 3'-ATGCTTGGACA-5' and a partially-made complementary strand containing 5'-TAC-3', if the only nucleotides available to DNA polymerase were G, A, and C, the sequence of the new strand of DNA (including the 5'-TAC-3') would be...
... 5'-TACGAACC-3'
The sugar of a DNA nucleotide has two oxygen atoms, while the sugar of an RNA nucleotide has this many.
What is three oxygen atoms?
This is the amino acid chain for this nucleotide sequence:
5'-AUGCGUUACGUAGAG-3'
BONUS: If the indicated cytosine were deleted, the result would be this type of mutation.
What is Met-Arg-Tyr-Val-Glu?
What is a frameshift causing immediate nonsense?
This type of missense mutation more likely to have a severe effect on phenotype than a nucleotide-pair substitution missense mutation in the same protein.
What is a frameshift mutation?
Guanine makes up 36% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA. Given this information, we know that the percentage of adenine in this sample is...
What is 14%?
Addition of a nucleotide onto a DNA strand is an endergonic reaction. The energy to drive the reaction is provided by...
... release of pyrophosphate from the incoming nucleotide, then hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate.
In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar's _____ carbon and the phosphate group is attached to the sugar's _____ carbon.
What are 1' and 5'?
This is the amino acid chain for this nucleotide sequence:
5'-AUGUUCCUACGAUGA-3'
BONUS: If the indicated uracil were to be replaced with a guanine, the result would be this type of mutation.
What is Met-Phe-Leu-Arg-Stop?
What is a nonstop mutation? (This is the opposite of a nonsense mutation - instead of adding a stop codon where one shouldn't be, it erases one that should be there.)
TRIPLE PLAY: There are three answers!
Think about the DNA coding sequence of a gene. If an A were swapped for a T, it could cause these types of mutations.
What are silent mutations?
What are missense mutations?
What are nonsense mutations?
Adenine makes up 26% of the the nucleotides in a sample of RNA. Given this information, we know that the percentage of thymine in this sample is...
What is 0%?
RNA contains uracil, not thymine. The percentage of uracil in the sample is 24%.
If you accidentally hooked up the wires to this gel electrophoresis chamber backwards, with the positive pole at the top and the negative pole at the bottom, and turn on the power, the DNA will...
... move up the gel and over the edge.