DNA P1
Chargaff's Rules?
Amount of A = Amount of T
Amount of G = Amount of C
What is a silent mutation?
No effect on protein sequence
Flow of genetic information?
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
Start codon?
AUG
Antiviral drug?
Agent that kills/suppresses viral replication
Hershey and Chase findings?
Genes are made of DNA
Frameshift mutation?
Insertion or deletion of nucleotides that shift the reading frame.
Purpose of transcription?
DNA serves as a template to make complementary RNA
Nucleus and cytoplasm
At least 3 components of a virus?
Genetic material, capsid, and spike proteins
Franklin, Watson, & Crick's Findings?
DNA is helical (double-helix)
Role of Helicase?
Unzips DNA
3 types of RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA); Ribosomal RNA (rRNA); Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Purpose of translation?
Ribosomes use sequence of codons in mRNA to assemble amino acids to create a protein
Lytic vs. Lysogenic Cycle?
Lytic = bacteriophages are made and bacteria lyses; Lysogenic = Viral DNA is inserted and replicated over time
Griffith's findings?
Something changed harmless bacteria into harmful bacteria; DNA transforming principle
What helps build leading strand?
DNA polymerase
Transcription: What happens in elongation?
RNA polymerase assembles mRNA with complimentary base pairs
Translation: What happens during elongation?
tRNA is complimentary to mRNA and amino acid chain begins
R-naught: Average # people who will catch a disease; Serial Interval: Time duration between patient 1 and 2 showing symptoms
Messelson & Stahl's findings?
Semi-replication model; one parent strand is template for a new strand
What connects Okazaki fragments?
DNA ligase
1 similarity and 1 difference in transcription vs. translation?
Answers will vary
Translation: What happens during termination?
Stop codon stops building amino acid chain and it's released
5 steps of viral replication?