Multiple Choice
Free Response
Chemistry
Definitely a Thinker
Fun Ones
100
Amino Acids differ from each other by which component?
A. Carboxyl group
B. Amino group
C. Side chain
D. Alpha carbon
C. Side chain
100
Which Organelle is responsible for the packaging and distribution of proteins?
Golgi Apparatus
100
What type of bond is a C-N?
Polar Covalent
100
What does Mitochondria having its own DNA imply about its origins?
It was a unicellular organism that formed a symbiotic relationship with the cells ancient ancestor. Also undergoes its own replication during Mitosis
100
Are Laws absolutely true no matter what?
They are most certainly not. They just are pretty true, but they can still be proven wrong in the future the more we understand the universe
200
Why is water the Universal Solvent?
A) Because its everywhere
B) The polarity
C) Its ability to form hydrogen bonds
D) B and C
E) A and C
D) B and C
The polarity and its ability to form hydrogen bonds
200
Let's go back to the time of Darwin. He visited an island and was looking into finches. He noticed that they had different sized beaks. He suspected this was due to the different environments they lived in that required different size beaks to eat. What was his thinking an example of back then?
Hypothesis. Because at the time he hadn't tested anything nor had any real evidence YET
200
Draw all functional groups CORRECTLY
Hydroxyl
Phosphate
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
Methyl
Amino
Sulfhydryl
200
Say a guy has been having states of exhaustion and fatigue. He's been suffering from these states for the past few days. Say this were a metabolic disease, what organelle is most likely the cause of his illness?
Mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell
200
Why can water molecules go through the phospholipid membrane even though they are polar? Think of 2 other ways we can speed up the diffusion of water through the plasma membrane
Because water is so small compared to the phospholipids that they can make it through. It is slow so you can speed it up by adding a protein channel, increasing the temperature, decreasing the amount of water molecules, and many other ways
300
Which Statement is true?
A) Atomic Mass only takes into account Protons and Neutrons
B) Uracil replaces Adenosine when DNA is transcribed to RNA
C) Diffusion is rapid process
D) Proteins and carbohydrates are stationary on the Plasma Membrane
A) Atomic Mass only takes into account Protons and Neutrons
300
What are 2 types of Passive and Active Transport? Give a brief description of each
Passive
1. Diffusion (random motion of molecules that go from high to low concentration)
2. Facilitated Diffusion (random motion of molecules that go from high to low concentration with the help of a protein)
Active
1. Primary (Uses ATP to move molecules from low to high concentration using a carrier protein)
2. Secondary (Uses a concentration gradient to move molecules from low to high concentration, again using a carrier protein)
300
How many of each type of atom is there in this structure?
8 Carbons
10 Hydrogens
4 Nitrogen's
2 Oxygens
300
If the protein that was responsible for helping move other proteins out of the cell was mutated. How would this affect the cell?
It would not allow other proteins to leave the cell or head to the membrane and overtime this would affect cellular functions by disrupting cell signaling, molecule transportation, and many other functions
300
Give a description of what happens with the electrons with these "bonds"
Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
Van der Waals
Ionic: Electrons are being transferred and never given back to a nonmetal from a metal
Covalent: Electrons are being shared equally or nonequally between two nonmetals
Hydrogen: O/N-H is attracted to O/N because of the polarity but this is not a real bond
Van der Waals: Electrons bump into each other sometimes randomly and they will be pushed to one side of molecule giving the molecule a very very partial polarity for them to attract each other
400
Which is the correct way for RNA/protein synthesis in the Endomembrane system?
A) Golgi Apparatus > Lysosome > Rough ER > Plasma Membrane
B) Rough ER > Golgi > Plasma Membrane > Lysosome
C) Smooth ER > Vesicle > Golgi > Plasma Membrane
D) Rough ER > Vesicle > Golgi > Plasma Membrane
D) Rough ER > Vesicle > Golgi > Plasma Membrane
400
How would phospholipids arrange if they were placed a nonpolar solution?
The Phosphate heads would cluster away from the nonpolar solution and we would see basically a reverse of what we normally see. Phosphate heads inside and hydrophobic tails on the outside
400
What are two ways of describing Osmosis?
Technically both work
1. Just water molecules, follows regular diffusion where it goes high to low concentration when looking only at water molecules
2. Looking at the solute in solvent (water). Move from low solute concentration to high solute concentration
400
What is it about polar molecular interactions that make them so important to life?
They are the reason why things will stay together, they create strong attractions, they stabilize other molecules, plenty of other reasons
400
Say a protein is causing havoc on our cell and is able to move through the plasma membrane with ease. How can I stop this protein
You could modify it to make it polar or charged in some way and then send it to the Lysosome for degradation
500
If there are no proteins in the plasma membrane, which of these can pass through the phospholipid bilayer membrane easily?
A) Cl-
B) K+
C) CH3
D) H2O
C) CH3
500
What biomolecules are used in our diet? What becomes of them when they are metabolized?
Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids
They become glucose that is then used in our Mitochondria to make ATP for energy
500
If I want to do change water (liquid) into a gas, what must I do molecularly to make this happen
You must break the hydrogen bonding of water to let it float off into a gas
500
What is the reason why molecules are always moving around and bouncing around?
To react with one another because they build up enough energy to hit each other and react
500
Is life random?
Depends on if you look at it from a biological or chemical perspective