Unit 1
Name the four nucleotides involved in DNA. Bonus question: What pairs with what?
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
Name an example of a saturated fat.
Red meat, butter, ice cream, cake, cheese, bacon (really any unhealthy, fatty food)
Kinetic energy
What is the difference between a chromosome and chromatin
Chromosomes are condensed DNA and chromatin is loose DNA
What is the definition of ecology?
a sub-discipline of biology defined as the study of the interactions between organisms and their environments.
What are the two functions of DNA?
Control and Hereditary
What is the function of carbohydrates?
Quick energy (short term energy storage)
What is the measure of disorder?
Entropy
Parent 1- Hh
Parent 2-hh
H-blonde hair , h= red hair
What is the % of the offspring having red hair
50%
a non-native species introduced to an environment that spread uncontrolled and can cause extinction of native species.
What is transcription? Translation?
Transcription: DNA to RNA
Translation: RNA to amino acids (future proteins)
_______ is the process of using transport vesicles to take molecules out of the cell.
Exocytosis
What type of inhibitor binds to an enzyme somewhere other than the active site?
Noncompetitive inhibitor
What is the order of a Eukaryotic cell cycle?
G0, G1, S phase, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
Interphase & M phase
What does fitness mean in biological terms?
the ability to survive to reproductive age, find a mate, and produce offspring. Basically, the more offspring an organism produces during its lifetime, the greater its biological fitness.
What are the three types of substitution mutations?
Silent, missence, and nonsense
Drug X blocks signaling molecules from binding to receptor proteins. What process is affected?
Signal Transduction Pathways
Which part of the aerobic glucose catabolism cycle produces the most ATP?
Oxidative phosphorolation (I will also accept Chemiosmosis as a more specific answer, but I will not accept ETC, why?)
Describe the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis.
Mitosis is for somatic cells and is to create identical cells, meanwhile meiosis is to create unique gametes that are involved ONLY in sexual reproduction.
Explain how sexual selection and artificial selection can improve fitness but not survival.
Sexual and artificial selection can improve the fitness of organisms by giving them desirable traits but survival is not guaranteed even with desirable traits
Why is it beneficial for a species to not have 100% accuracy in DNA replication?
What stabilizes the membrane and keeps it flexible?
Cholesterol
What is another word for a catabolic reaction AND is energy in the reactant or product?
Exergonic & Product
What is the difference between somatic cells and gametes?
Gametes are used to create offspring and chromosomes are passed on. Somatic cells are not passed on to offsprings.
List the 5 causes of microevolution *Have to get all 5 to get points*
1. Fossil record
2. Biogeography
3.Comparative anatomy and embryology
4.Molecular biology
5.Labratory and field experiments