Protein Structure
Which level of structure is the final 3-D shape of the protein?
Tertiary Structure
What 3 things make up a nucleotide?
Phosphate group, nitrogenous base, 5-Carbon sugar
What is the ratio of a carbohydrate?
1C:2H:1O
What is the monomer of a protein called?
An Amino Acid
How many electrons does an element have if the atomic number is 14 and the atomic mass is 28?
14
When does a protein have Quaternary Structure?
If the protein has multiple polypeptides
What are purines and how many rings form the structure? What are pyrimidines and how many rings form the structure?
Purines: Adenine and Guanine, 2 rings
Pyrimidines: Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil, 1 ring
What are carbohydrates roles?
energy storage and structure
What kind of bonds connect the monomers of proteins
Peptide Bonds
What kind of bond involves transferring electrons?
Ionic
What kind of bonds make up secondary structure?
Hydrogen bonds
What does Adenine bond with? how many bonds does it form? What does Cytosine bond with? how many bonds?
Adenine bonds with thymine or uracil, 2 bonds. Cytosine bonds with Guanine, 3 bonds.
What is the bond between two monosaccharides called?
What 3 groups make up an amino acid?
carboxyl group, amino group, r-group
What are the characteristics of all living things?
which level of structure consist of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets?
Secondary structure
What kind of bonds bond nucleotides together? What kind of bonds bond complimentary base pairs?
Nucleotides: Phosphodiester (covalent).
Comp base pairs: Hydrogen
What are polysaccharides and how are the linked?
long chains of monosaccharides linked through dehydration synthesis
What is an example of a protein?
Myosin, actin, tubulin, hemoglobin, anything
What does a hydrolysis reaction do? What does dehydration synthesis do?
Breaks a bond by adding a water molecule. Builds a molecule by removing water
What types of bonds/interactions make up tertiary structure?
Covalent bonds, Ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds.
What are the similarities and differences of DNA and RNA
DNA: it carries genetic info, remains in the nucleus, has a double helix structure, and contains deoxyribose and thymine. RNA: Involved in protein synthesis, Leaves the nucleus, Single-stranded, Ribose, Uracil. Both: Adenine, Guanine, and Cytosine.
What is the chemical formula of 15 glucose molecules?
C90H152O76
What are the 7 functions of a protein?
Enzyme catalysis, support, regulation, motion, transport, defense, storage
What makes amino acids different from one another?
R-groups