Fungi
The three groups of fungi include macroscopic fungi, yeast, and __________.
What are molds?
The characteristic used to classify and separate the groups of protozoans.
What is methods of movement?
The three groups of pathogenic metazoans and their common names.
What are Trematodes (flukes), Cestodes (tapeworms), and Nematodes (roundworms and hookworms)?
Unlike protozoans that enter the body and cause infections, exoparasites generally cause ______ on the exterior of the body.
What is infestation?
Like a CFU causing a bacteria colony, a PFU causes a ______, a clearing of bacteria growth from a viral infection.
What is a plaque?
A mass of hyphae are called _________.
What are mycelia?
This group of protozoans is characterized by flagella-propelled movement and a lack of mitochondria. Provide an example organism.
What are Archaezoans?
Ex: Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia
With dioecious metazoans, the ________ (female or male) is typically larger and said to be gravid. Explain the meaning of these terms.
What is female?
Dioecious - Need female and male to produce and fertilize ova
Gravid - enlarged due to pregnancy
Name all the 8-legged exoparasites with common names.
What are Sarcoptes (scabies), Ticks, Mites and Chiggers?
Parasites include protozoans, metozoans, and _________, and belong to Domain ____________.
What is Exoparasites and Eukaryia?
Unsegmented mycelia are associated with more primitive fungi, and is referred to as...
What are aseptate mycelia?
This group of protozoans uses a special structure to pierce the exterior of a host cell because it has no method for self-propulsion. Provide an example organism.
What is Apicomplexa?
Ex: Plasmodium, Cryptosporidium parvum, Toxoplasma gondii
This structure of tapeworm houses fertilized eggs that break off, exiting the host in feces so they can be consumed by a new host.
What is proglottids?
Name two example of arthropod vectors that transmit microbes via mechanical transmission.
What are cockroaches, and flies?
The typical oral-fecal cycle of protozoans & metazoans includes two stages with their functional purpose.
What is cysts for protozoans and ova for metazoans (resistance to desiccation and entry into host) and trophozoite for protozoans and adult for metazoans (feeding, replication, and resulting negative impact to host)?
This group of fungi is characterized by reproduction by budding, and can form psuedohyphae.
What is yeast?
This group of protozoans is characterized by flagella-propelled movement and have mitochondria. Provide an example organism, the vector and disease caused.
What are Euglenozoa?
Ex: Trypanosoma brucei, African sleeping sickness, tsetse fly
Trypanosoma cruzi, Chagas disease, kissing bug/assassin bug
This genus in Cestoda varies by the difference in the method(s) of attachment to the intestines. Name the genus, and the structure(s) used for attachment.
What is Taenia?
The beef tapeworm's scolex has only suckers while the pork tapeworm's scolex has hooks and suckers.
Name all the 6-legged exoparasites with common names.
What are Pediculus (body lice), Pthirus (public crab lice), Cimex (beg bugs), Culex, Anopheles, Aedes (all mosquitoes) and fleas.
This term is used for arthropod-borne viruses, and provide examples.
What is Arboviruses?
Ex: Dengue fever, WNV, Zika
True or False, Zygomycota reproduce by ascospores and conidiospores.
False, Zygomycota reproduce by sporangiospores and zygospores.
Uniquely characterized by pigment type, this group of protozoans is not considered a parasite, is almost entirely marine, and includes species capable of producing 'red tides' and poisoning by STX - a neurotoxin responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning. Provide an example organism.
What is dinoflagellates?
Ex: Karenia brevis
Fasciola hepatic, also known as the common liver fluke, causes this disease. Describe symptoms.
What is hepatic portal disease?
Symptoms: increased blood pressure in the portal vein and hepatisis include fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea.
Name the three mosquito species, the traits for identification and the disease they help transmit as vectors.
What are 1) small, brown Culex (WNV), slow, large Anopheles (malaria), and white banded legs of Aedes (Zika, Dengue fever).
Name at least two parasites that can travel in the blood stream and vascular system?
What are Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma gondii, the nematode Trichinella spiralis, and Heartworms?