Photosynthesis
The two stages of photosynthesis are…
What are energy transduction (Light Reactions) and carbon assimilation (Calvin Cycle)
What is the main product of the Calvin cycle?
What is Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate (G3P)?
The 3 main cytoskeletal fibers we learned in class are…
What are microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments?
“Interphase” refers to what stages of the cell cycle?
What are all stages of the cell cycle excluding Mitosis? (G1, S, G2, G0)
What process results in programmed cell death?
What is apoptosis?
At the center of chlorophyll molecules, there is a ___ ion.
What is an Mg2+ ion?
When Rubisco catalyzes the “fixation” of carbon, where is the carbon coming from?
What is atmospheric CO2?
What is the name of the transport molecule that travels along the microtubules to “carry” molecules/vesicles/organelles around the cell?
What are kinesins?
When cells enter the ___ phase, they are taking a break from the cycle
G0 phase
The signaling molecules that activate CDK proteins
What are cyclins?
Where does the e- that replenishes the P680 pigment come from?
What is water/H2O?
What does RuBisCO stand for?
What is Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase?
In order of decreasing size, list the 3 cytoskeletal fibers
What are Microtubules → Intermediate Filaments → Microfilaments
The 5 stages of Mitosis are…
What are Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, & Telophase/Cytokinesis?
The role of crossing over and independent assortment is
To promote genetic diversity in offspring
The transfer of energy between adjacent pigments in the chloroplast is called…
What is photon resonance transfer?
What product(s) of energy transduction is/are used during the Calvin cycle to fix carbon?
What are ATP and NADPH?
Microtubules have alpha and beta ends. The _____ end is positive and grows from this end, and the _____ end is negative and shrinks from this end.
What is the Beta end and Alpha end?
B positive, MTs grow from their B end
The proteins surrounding the centromeres of sister chromatids are called…
What are kinetochores?
The 3 cell cycle “checkpoints” are…
What are restriction point (AKA G1-S Transition), G2-M Transition, & Metaphase-Anaphase Transition?
What is the terminal electron acceptor of the photosynthetic electron transport chain?
What is NADP+?
Why do plants need to create glucose if they already make ATP in the light reactions?
Light reactions are light dependent, so plants need a way to store energy for when there is no light.
Which of the 3 cytoskeletal fibers is water insoluble?
What are intermediate filaments?
Cyclins and Cyclin Dependent Kinases function to...
Coordinate cell cycle processes
How many rounds of division do cells go through in mitosis?
In meiosis?
1 round in mitosis, 2 rounds in meiosis.