Skin Infections
This test distinguishes Staphylococcus from Streptococcus species using hydrogen peroxide.
What is the catalase test?
This bacterial toxin creates a leather-like membrane in the throat during diphtheria
What is diphtheria toxin?
This condition producing "rice water stools" is caused by Vibrio cholerae.
What is cholera?
This technique uses electrical current to separate DNA fragments by size.
What is gel electrophoresis?
This neurotoxin in improperly canned foods can cause infant botulism.
What is botulinum toxin?
This virus causes both chickenpox and shingles.
What is varicella-zoster virus?
This bacterium causes TB and has a waxy layer allowing it to survive for weeks in dried mucus.
What is Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
These parasites lack their own digestive system and absorb nutrients through their surface.
What are tapeworms?
This growth medium turns yellow when S. aureus ferments mannitol.
What is mannitol salt agar?
This toxin causes massive fluid loss in cholera by altering ion transport.
What is cholera toxin?
This type of MRSA typically affects older patients and has a higher mortality rate.
What is Healthcare-Associated MRSA (HA-MRSA)?
This process involves gradual mutations in influenza surface proteins requiring yearly vaccine updates.
What is antigenic drift?
This common hospital infection occurs after antibiotic use disrupts normal flora.
What is C. difficile infection?
This skin test using purified protein derivative indicates TB exposure.
What is the tuberculin test?
This toxin causes the characteristic rash in scarlet fever.
What is pyrogenic toxin/erythrogenic toxin?
These fungal infections begin with "tinea" and affect different parts of the body.
What are dermatophytes/ringworm infections?
This type of pneumonia is called "walking" because patients often remain active.
What is mycoplasmal pneumonia?
This enzyme produced by H. pylori helps it survive in the stomach by raising pH.
What is urease?
This diagnostic test measures ammonia in breath to detect H. pylori.
What is the urea breath test?
This toxin from E. coli O157:H7 destroys intestinal microvilli.
What is Shiga toxin?
This toxin produced by S. aureus causes leukocyte destruction and tissue necrosis in CA-MRSA.
What is Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL)?
This bacteria binds to and damages respiratory cilia, causing whooping cough.
What is Bordetella pertussis?
This pathogen should NOT be treated with antibiotics as it increases toxin production.
What is E. coli O157:H7?
The presence of these segments in feces confirms tapeworm infection.
What are proglottids?
This exotoxin A is required for necrotizing fasciitis and causes neutrophils to damage tissue.
What is Streptococcal exotoxin A?