Population Dynamics
Interspecific Interactions
Communities
Ecosystem & Global Ecology
Hodgepodge
100
In the logistic model, the per capita growth rate is equal to zero when Nt =...
What is K
100
True or False: A stable two-species equilibrium point means that population abundances come back to that point after a disturbance.
What is true.
100
Define community ecology.
What is the study of study of species diversity at many spatial and temporal scales.
100
This term describes the conversion of inorganic forms of energy into organic forms of energy.
What is primary production.
100
This term describes the number of species in a community.
What is species richness.
200
True or False: The per capita growth, dN/Ndt, of density-independent populations is directly proportional to population size, N.
What is false.
200
This term describes when two species are competing and the negative effects on each other are not equal.
What is competitive asymmetry.
200
Write the equation and describe in words the expression for species turnover.
What is: beta=gamma/alpha Species turnover is quantified as the ratio of the regional species pool divided by the local species pool.
200
True or false: When animals and plants decompose, their nutrients (N, P, etc) become inorganic.
What is true.
200
True or False: In an S-I-R model of disease transmission, individuals can only leave an “infected” state by dying.
What is false.
300
You’ve read that cockroach populations grow following a continuous exponential pattern with an intrinsic growth rate of 0.1 (measuring time in days). Your roommate releases 5 cockroaches in your house one day as an irritating prank. What will there population size be in 30 days?
What is ~100 individuals
300
True or false: Stabilizing forces are those that cause a population to inhibit its own growth more than it inhibits the growth of sympatric populations of other species.
What is true.
300
Of the following processes, the most important one affecting which species persist in a community per the neutral model is: A. speciation B. dispersal C. drift D. emigration
What is C. drift.
300
This term describes the essential nutrient in shortest supply relative to the needs of primary producers.
What is limiting nutrient.
300
You are in charge of a conservation program for an endangered tree species. You need to use conservation funds to purchase Location A or Location B for a conservation area. • Location A has two habitat patches. In each patch, the extinction probability of the species is 0.5. • Location B also has two habitat patches. In one patch this species has an extinction probability of 0.2. In the other patch, the extinction probability is 0.8. • Dispersal between patches cannot occur in either location. Which location offers a greater probability of persistence for this species at the regional scale? Show the calculations that led you to this conclusion.
What is: The probability of persistence in location A: 1-0.5*0.5=0.75 The probability of persistence in location B: 1-0.2*0.8=0.84 Location B offers a greater probability of persistence for this species at the regional scale.
400
True or False: A population with pulse births will be modeled discretely and described exponentially.
What is: False.
400
In a model of Lotka-Volterra competition, if alpha = 3, K1 = 5, K2 = 2 and beta = 0.25, what will be the outcome of competition? Show calculations that demonstrate why this is the outcome.
What is: Species 2 will win (The effect of species two on species one is more than the inhibition is more than the inhibition of species one on itself) K2 vs. K1/alpha: 2 vs. 5/3 = 1.67 --> K2 > K1/alpha K1 vs. K2/beta: 5 vs. 2/0.25 = 8 --> K1 < K2/beta
400
11. Which of the following is/are not a direct effect of habitat fragmentation? A. Reduced patch size. B. Edge effects. C. Isolation. D. Reduced species diversity E. B and C
What is D. reduced species diversity
400
This process describes the conversion of N2 into NH4
What is N-fixation.
400
True or false: Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are macronutrients.
What is false. Examples of macronutrients: N, P, S, K
500
Which of the following will NOT increase the overall population-growth rate, r, when all other factors are held constant? (circle all correct answers) a) decreased age of first reproduction b) increased age of first reproduction c) greater expected reproduction in the last year d) increased survival in the first year e) none of the above
What is (b) increased age of first reproduction
500
See PowerPoint
See PowerPoint
500
This type of indirect interaction occurs between two prey species eaten by the same predator(s)
What is apparent competition.
500
These three successional mechanisms were hypothesized by Connell and Slayter (1977).
What is: 1. Facilitation 2. Tolerance 3. Inhibition
500
See PowerPoint.
See PowerPoint.
M
e
n
u