Isotopes are atoms that have identical _____ numbers but different mass numbers
What is atomic?
100
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) utilizes the spin properties of this element to create images.
What is hydrogen?
100
Carbon-11 decays to this element after positron decay.
What is Boron?
100
PET imaging is a (anatomical, functional, or temporal) imaging technique. Choose one.
What is functional?
200
A parallel-hole collimator does this to an image being imaged.
What is remains the same?
200
Nuclei with abundant neutrons tend to decay by this mechanism.
What is beta minus decay?
200
Scattered photons appear in this area of the pulse height distribution in relation to the full-energy peak.
What is below at the low-energy region?
200
An iterative reconstruction algorithm that can be used for image reconstruction in SPECT & PET.
What is ML-EM or OS-EM?
200
Carbon-11 has a half-life of 20.4 minutes, while nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 9.96 minutes. Which radioisotope has the largest mean range in water? What additional info may you need?
What is the mean energy?
300
These are the reasons Technetium-99m used in SPECT imaging.
What are mono-energetic (140 keV) and relatively high energy to escape tissue?
300
Nuclides with Z > _____ are unstable?
What is 83 (Bismuth)?
300
Coincidence counting is used in this imaging modality to generate a collection of lines of response.
What is PET imaging?
300
A cracked crystal causes this type of degradation to image quality.
What is non-uniformity?
300
Two gamma rays are emitted when positrons annihilate with electrons. What are their energies?
What is 511 keV?
400
A pin-hole collimator does this to an object being imaged.
What is magnifies?
400
After nuclear decay, a positron and a neutrino both have kinetic energy. What should their total energy be equal to?
What is the Q-value associated with that decay?
400
Why would some hospitals choose SPECT over PET imaging?
What is PET is more expensive and may require a cyclotron facility nearby if no delivery system is available?
400
This probability distribution function (PDF) is describes the counting of nuclear decay in PET imaging.
What is Poisson distribution?
400
Annihilation photons are sometimes not emitted in a perfect 180 degree angle from each other. Why?
What is the presence momentum in the e+ e- system?
500
A diverging hole collimator does this to an object being imaged.
What is minimizes?
500
This is an important factor for choosing an isotope in PET imaging.
What are half-life, radioactive yields, gamma energy....
500
In MRI, the energy gained by a proton is re-transmitted back to the RF antenna. How many types of signals can be used to create an image.
What are two? T1 and T2 relaxation signals.
500
Optical ECT relies on two types of photons. Name the two.
What are the excitation and emission photon?
500
In PET imaging, counts measured do not reflect the true activity without correction. name one physical effect that must be corrected for.
What are attenuation, radioactive decay, detection efficiency, geometric effects, and ..etc?