Chemistry
This type of bond involves the unequal sharing of electrons between atoms (H2O).
What are polar covalent bonds?
This level of protein structure refers to the unique sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
What is primary protein structure?
This organelle is known as the "post office".
What is the golgi apparatus?
This is the "universal energy currency". (bonus points for knowing the full name)
ATP; adenosine triphosphate.
The fundamental unit of life.
What is the cell?
These are the specific names for positively charged and negatively charged ions.
What are cations and anions?
These two shapes, held together by hydrogen bonds, represent the secondary level of protein structure.
What are alpha helixes and beta sheets?
Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes store their DNA in this specific, non-membrane-bound region.
What is the nucleoid?
These are the three components of a nucleotide, which is the monomer for DNA and RNA.
Nitrogenous base, sugar, and phosphate group.
In the hierarchy of life, this level consists of all the individuals of a single species living in a specific area.
What is a population?
This universal solvent is polar and can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.
What is H2O?
This functional class of proteins, such as hexokinase, acts as a catalyst to lower activation energy.
What are enzymes?
This organelle contains digestive enzymes that perform hydrolysis to break down waste.
What are lysosomes?
This is the nitrogenous base found in RNA that replaces Thymine (T) found in DNA.
What is uracil?
This property of life involves maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes.
What is homeostasis?
This characteristic of an atom primarily governs how many chemical bonds it can form.
What are the number of valence electrons?
This is one easy way actin and tubulin can be categorized.
What are motor proteins?
These are the three components of the cytoskeleton.
What are microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments?
ATP releases energy for cellular work when it undergoes this specific type of chemical reaction to become ADP and inorganic phosphate.
What is dehydration synthesis?
This is the variable that the researcher measures as the outcome.
These are the two types of chemical reactions used to either build polymers (producing water) or break them down (using water).
What is dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
This is the term for a protein that has lost its native shape/structure (and therefore its function) because of changes in things like pH or temperature.
What is protein denaturation?
This systems includes the nuclear envelope, ER, golgi, and lysosomes, but notable excludes mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the endomembrane system?
These fats are the primary component of the cell membrane, featuring a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.
What are phospholipids?
This theory explains why prokaryotes are so much smaller than eukaryotes. It also explains the double membraned mystery of some organelles.
What is the endosymbiosis theory?