Carbon Cycle
What are the four major carbon reservoirs?
Terrestrial biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere, ocean
Evidence shows that some grasses benefit from being grazed by animals. What term would best describe this plant-herbivore interaction?
Mutualism
What is bilateral symmetry?
There is one only plane of division along the body that results in halves that are mirror images.
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Polyploidy is...
having more than two sets of chromosomes
A biogeochemical cycle is....
the recycling of inorganic matter between living organisms and their environment
What is Aposematic coloration?
Coloration in animals aimed at warning potential predators that they have chemical defenses
What protects the leaves of plants from desiccation?
Waxy cuticle
Flagella enable prokaryotes to:
Move
Two individuals would be considered the same species if they...
are able to interbreed and produce offspring that won't die and that are capable of reproduction
Terrestrial autotrophs obtain carbon dioxide largely from....
the atmosphere
The position of an organism in a food chain is known as its...
Trophic level
What do roots do that rhizoids are unable to do?
absorb significant amounts of water from the soil
What characteristics do all eukaryotes possess?
All eukaryotes have cells with a nucleus.
Reproductive isolating mechanisms are divided into categories based on when they act. _______ isolating factors prevent fertilization from taking place; _____ isolating factors result in failure of the fertilized egg to develop into a fertile individual.
Pre-zygotic; post-zygotic
How does respiration by terrestrial animals contribute to the carbon cycle?
How does respiration by terrestrial animals contribute to the carbon cycle?
What is usually one of the first photosynthetic organisms to colonize during primary succession?
Lichens
What is the function of xylem and phloem tissue
Xylem transports water and minerals throughout the plant. Phloem transports sugars throughout the plant.
What forms as a result of binary fission in prokaryotes?
two genetically identical cells
One possible outcome of a hybrid zone is a weakening of reproductive barriers. This results in:
fusion
What are the 3 ways of measuring paleoclimate carbon data?
Ice cores for atmospheric carbon, ocean sediment cores for oceanic carbon, and tree rings for terrestrial biosphere carbon.
In a lake with three trophic levels (non-native fish eat zooplankton which eat algae), how might an algal bloom (an abundance of algae) be prevented?
Remove the non-native fish.
Which embryonic tissue layers are found in diploblasts?
endoderm and ectoderm
Endosymbiosis resulted in the origin of which cell organelles?
mitochondria and plastids
The difference between allopatric speciation and sympatric speciation is...
allopatric speciation occurs when populations become separated but sympatric speciation occurs in populations in the same area.