Carbon Based
How many covalent bonds can a Carbon atom form?
4 (four)
This is the storage form of carbohydrates in plants.
Starch
Lipids are considered to be:
- polar
- nonpolar
- multipolar
Non-polar
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino Acid
Name all three parts of a nucleotide.
Phosphate group, Pentose Sugar, Nitrogenous Base
What is the name of the function group that consists of an -OH and is found in ethanol?
hydroxyl
A single molecule of carbohydrate is called a ___________.
Monosaccharide
What are the two major parts that make up a triglyceride?
Glycerol and Fatty Acids
A long chain of amino acids is called a ___________.
polypeptide
Which nitrogenous base is only found in RNA?
Uracil
What do we call organic molecules that have the same chemical formula, but a different organization of the atoms?
Isomer
Name one (of the two) major functions of carbohydrates.
Energy source
Structure (building material)
These types of fatty acids have at least one double bond between carbons and are liquid at room temperature.
Unsaturated
Name two (2) of the six major functions of proteins.
Metabolism, Support, Transport, Defense, Regulation, Motion
What is the difference in the sugar between DNA and RNA
DNA has an -H at carbon 2, while RNA has an -OH at carbon 2.
This type of reaction loses water and creates a polymer.
dehydration synthesis
Which of these options is considered a disaccharide?
- glucose
- lactose
- glycose
- cellulose
Lactose
This type of lipid is made of closed rings and is the basis for many hormones in the body.
Steroid
Which level of protein structure consists of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets?
Secondary
What type of bond holds together the two strands of DNA between the nitrogenous bases?
Hydrogen
This type of molecule speeds up chemical reactions.
Enzyme
If you wanted to get a molecule of glucose from glycogen, what type of chemical reaction would need to occur?
Hydrolysis
The cuticle on plant leaves is considered an example of which type of lipid?
Wax
What is the name for misfolded proteins that cause fatal brain diseases?
Prions
The fact that A pairs with T and G pairs with C in DNA is called _______________________.
Complimentary Base Pairing