Vocabulary
Which term describes large organic molecules formed by joining smaller subunits?
A. Monomers
B. Polymers
C. Enzymes
D. Lipids
What is Polymers?
Which function is unique to nucleic acids compared to the other biological molecules?
A. Providing quick energy
B. Long-term energy storage
C. Storing and transmitting genetic information
D. Forming cell membranes
What is Storing and transmitting genetic information?
Which function is primarily associated with lipids in living organisms?
A. Speeding up chemical reactions
B. Storing long-term energy
C. Carrying genetic information
D. Building muscle tissue
What is storing long-term energy?
Which term refers to the subunits that bond together to form proteins?
A. Fatty Acids
B. Nucleotides
C. Amino acids
D. Monosaccharides
What is Amino Acids?
Which carbohydrate is the main immediate source of energy for cells?
A. Starch
B. Glucose
C. Cellulose
D. Glycogen
What is Glucose?
Which biological molecule is directly responsible for speeding up chemical reactions in cells?
A. Carbohydrate
B. Lipid
C. Protein
D. Nucleic acid
What is protein?
Which pair of molecules are both nucleic acids?
A. Starch and glycogen
B. DNA and RNA
C. Proteins and enzymes
D. Fats and oils
What is DNA and RNA?
Which of the following molecules is an example of a lipid?
A. Starch
B. Enzyme
C.DNA
D. Triglyceride
What is Triglyceride?
Which property of proteins allows enzymes to function properly?
A. Ability to store energy
B. Presence of carbon and oxygen
C. Specific three- dimensional shape
D. Insolubility in water
What is Specific three-dimensional shape?
Which statement explains why plants store glucose as starch instead of using it all immediately?
A. Starch is insoluble and can be stored efficiently
B. Starch is used to make enzymes for digestion
C. Starch contains nitrogen for growth
D. Starch can cross the cell membrane faster than glucose
What is Starch is insoluble and can be stored efficiently?
Which molecule is correctly matched with its primary function?
A. Lipid — quick energy
B. Protein — genetic information
C. Carbohydrate — short-term energy
D. Nucleic acid — insulation
What is Carbohydrate — short-term energy?
A change in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA would MOST directly affect which cellular process?
A. Cellular respiration
B. Protein synthesis
C. Diffusion across the membrane
D. Lipid storage
What is Protein synthesis?
A cell needs a molecule that provides insulation and helps maintain body temperature.
Which type of molecule best meets this need?
A. Carbohydrate
B. Protein
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid
What is a lipid?
A change in temperature causes a protein to lose its shape.
Which vocabulary term BEST describes this process?
A. Replication
B. Denaturation
C. Transcription
D. Hydrolysis
What is Denaturation?
Which carbohydrate provides structural support in plant cell walls?
A. Glucose
B. Cellulose
C. Glycogen
D. Sucrose
What is Cellulose?
A molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and folds into a specific shape.
Which vocabulary term BEST describes this molecule?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
What is protein?
Which part of a nucleotide is responsible for the differences in genetic information among organisms?
A. Phosphate group
B. Five-carbon sugar
C. Nitrogenous base
D. Hydrogen bond
what is Nitrogenous base?
Why are Lipids important components of the cell membrane?
A. They store genetic information.
B. They dissolve easily in water.
C. They form a barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
D. They provide enzymes for chemical reactions.
What is they form a barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell?
Which protein function is MOST directly affected when an enzyme is denatured?
A. Energy storage
B. Speed up chemical reactions
C. Storage of genetic information
D. Insulation of body tissues
What is Speed up chemical reactions?
An athlete eats a pasta meal before a race. Which BEST explains why this provides energy for the upcoming activity?
A. Pasta contains nucleic acids for protein synthesis.
B. Pasta contains carbohydrates that are broken down into glucose for ATP.
C. Pasta contains lipids that provide lipids that provide quick energy.
D. Pasta contains cellulose to build muscle fibers.
What is Pasta containing carbohydrates that are broken down into glucose for ATP?
Which statement BEST distinguishes lipids from carbohydrates?
A. Lipids store genetic information
B. Lipids are insoluble in water and store long-term energy
C. Lipids are made of amino acids
D. Lipids provide quick energy for cell
What is Lipids are insoluble in water and store long term energy?
A mutation occurs in a gene, but the organism shows no change in traits.
Which explanation BEST accounts for this result?
A. The mutation changed a lipid in the membrane
B. The mutation occurred in a noncoding region or did not change the amino acid sequence
C. The mutation prevented cellular respiration
D. The mutation increased carbohydrate storage
What is the mutation occurred in a noncoding region or did not change the amino acid sequence?
A scientist observes that a cell membrane has become more rigid at low temperatures. Which MOST likely increase membrane fluidity?
A. Increasing saturated fatty acids.
B. Decreasing phospholipids
C. Increasing unsaturated fatty acids
D. Removing cholesterol completely
What is Increasing unsaturated fatty acids?
Which statement BEST explains why proteins are more structurally diverse than carbohydrates and lipids?
A. Proteins contain only carbon and hydrogen
B. Proteins are made from 20 different amino acids
C. Proteins are insoluble in water
D. Proteins store more energy per gram
What is Proteins are made from 20 different amino acids?
Which carbohydrate in stored in animal liver and muscles for short term energy?
A. Glycogen
B. Cellulose
C. Starch
D. Fructose
What is Glycogen?