Carbohydrates
Is C6H12O2 a carbohydrate formula? Why not?
No, does not follow the 1:2:1 ratio of C to H to O
Name the reaction that forms triglycerides from glycerol and fatty acids
dehydration synthesis
These are the monomers of nucleic acids.
Nucleotides
These are the monomers of protein polymers
amino acids
What is the law of diffusion?
Molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
Give an example of a
monosaccharide
disaccharide
polysaccharide
answers will vary
What are usually the sources of each:
solid fats
liquid oils
solid fats: animal sources
liquid oils: plant sources
These are the three parts that make up a nucleotide
1. Phosphate group
2. Sugar
3. Nitrogen base
Name a protein present in your body and describe its function.
Answers will vary
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane.
glucose + glucose = _________ + ________
maltose + water
What is the main structural difference in the molecules of solid fats vs liquid oils?
Solid fats: saturated fatty acids, single bonds, packed tightly together
Liquid oils: unsaturated fatty acids, double bonds, loosely packed
Hydrolyzing ATP produces:
ADP + P and energy
A chain of amino acids linked together is called a:
polypeptide
Which type of transport moves molecules
down the concentration gradient
up the concentration gradient
down: passive transport
up: active transport
Which highly branched polysaccharide is stored in liver and skeletal muscle tissue?
glycogen
This lipid molecule makes up the majority of the cell membrane
Phospholipid
These are the 4 bases present in DNA
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
What type of bond holds secondary protein structures together?
Hydrogen bonds
What molecule provides the energy for active transport?
ATP
This carbohydrate is used as structural support in ANIMALS.
Chitin
Describe the two functions of the lipid steroid cholesterol.
1. Stiffens cell membranes
2. Used to produce other lipid steroids.
These are the three main differences between DNA and RNA
DNA: double stranded, deoxyribose sugar, bases are A, T, C and G
RNA: single stranded, ribose sugar, bases are A, U, C, G
Why does a perm smell so bad when it is being put in?
Keratin contains tertiary proteins held together by di-sulfide bonds. Perms break and reform these bonds, causing the sulfury/rotten egg smell.
Active transport of large molecules or particles (such as bacteria) into the cell is termed:
Phagocytosis