Ion Channels & Transport
What type of transport requires cellular energy?
Active transport.
What is the most basic unit of protein?
An amino acid (or primary protein structure).
What is the energy source for the Na+/K+ pump?
ATP!
What is our DNA made up of?
Nucleic acids
Which glial cell supports the blood brain barrier?
although it does not actually make up the BBB...
Astrocytes.
high concentration to low concentration
Where is protein synthesized in the cell?
In the rough ER, or in free floating ribosomes.
The voltage difference between the extracellular fluid and the neuron's cytoplasm.
The membrane potential.
What holds all of our DNA?
Chromosomes.
Which brain cell functions as the resident immune cell in the brain?
Microglial cells.
During active transport, ions move from areas of *blank* to *blank* concentration.
Low to high concentration.
What is the process in which nucleic acids in mRNA serve as a code for amino acids?
translation
Which membrane protein restores the resting membrane potential?
The Na+/K+ Pump
Where does translation occur in the cell?
In the rough ER, or in free floating ribosomes of inside of the soma.
What is the size of the space in between 2 neurons?
About 20 nanometers.
Which type of ion channel opens when there is a change in membrane potential (or voltage)?
Voltage-gated ion channels.
When tertiary protein structures come together, they can become quaternary structures. What is an example of a quaternary structure in the neuron?
Ion channels, receptors, ion pumps
What is the ratio of sodium to potassium transported through the Na+/K+ pump?
3:2
How many nucleic acid bases code for one amino acid during translation?
3
The theory that neurons are separate entities that communicate via contact and not continuity...
The neuron doctrine
Which type of ion channel opens when a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor on the postsynaptic membrane?
Ligand-gated ion channels
What is the end goal of gene expression?
Protein synthesis.
When a neuron is at rest, opening an ion channel selectively permeable to Na+ would induce which action?
Na+ would enter the neuron (it is moving from an area of high to low concentration).
Which of the following gene segments are spliced from DNA during transcription?
Introns
The theory that our brain communicates with the body via cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [proposed by Galen] is known as....
The ventricular theory.