Microscopy and Types of Cells
This type of cell has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic cell
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for preparing the cell for division, where chromosomes duplicate to ensure the daughter cells have identical genetic material?
S phase
These molecules are the building blocks of proteins. What are they called?
Amino acids
This enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication.
Helicase
This type of mutation occurs when a single base is replaced with another base in the DNA sequence.
substitution
When switching from low power to high power on a microscope, this typically happens to the field of view.
Becomes smaller
At the checkpoint between the G1 and S phase, the cell decides whether to continue dividing or enter a resting phase. What is this phase called, where cells exit the cycle and enter a quiescent state?
G0
Proteins are made of long chains of these molecules. When amino acids link together, they form what type of bond?
Peptide bond
In the process of transcription, which molecule is synthesized from a DNA template?
mRNA
This type of mutation, where a codon changes to a stop codon, results in an incomplete protein.
nonsense mutation
This type of organism is unicellular and contains a nucleus.
Protist
This term refers to a stem cell's ability to differentiate into several, but not all, types of cells.
Multipotent
This part of an amino acid gives it its specific identity and distinguishes one amino acid from another. What is this part called?
The R group
This enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA during transcription.
RNA polymerase
Types of cells which carry half the number of chromosomes.
This shows the ratio of cells in mitosis divided by the total number of cells.
Mitotic index
During this stage of mitosis, sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle apparatus.
Anaphase
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
Store genetic information
In prokaryotes, where does transcription occur?
Cytoplasm
These pairs of chromosomes are similar in size, shape, and genetic content, and one is inherited from the mother and the other from the father.
Homologous chromosomes
This microscope technique uses a beam of electrons to visualize the cross-section of plant tissue in high resolution.
Electron micoscopy
This type of gene normally prevents the cell from dividing too quickly, acting like a "brake" on the cell cycle. What is the name of these genes?
Tumor supressor genes
This type of protein acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. What is this type of protein called?
Enzyme
This term describes the feature of the genetic code in which multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.
Degenerate
During fertilization, two haploid cells combine to form this type of cell, which is diploid.
Zygote