Polypeptide Synthesis
The process of producing an mRNA copy from a DNA template is called this.
What is transcription?
Different versions of the same gene are known by this term.
What are alleles?
The use of organisms, cells or biological processes to produce useful products is known by this term.
What is biotechnology?
This laboratory technique makes millions of copies of a selected DNA region.
What is PCR?
A disease-causing organism or biological agent is known by this term.
What are pathogens?
This organelle is the site of translation.
What is a ribosome?
Splitting of the cytoplasm during the last phase of mitosis
What is cytokinesis?
This small circular piece of bacterial DNA is commonly used as a vector in genetic engineering.
What is a plasmid?
These highly variable, repeating non-coding DNA regions are commonly
What are short tandem repeats—or STRs?
a non-cellular pathogen
what is a prion?
A sequence of three bases on an mRNA molecule is known by this term.
What is a codon?
This diagram tracks the inheritance of a trait through several generations of a family.
What is a pedigree chart?
This enzyme joins a desired gene to plasmid DNA by forming bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone.
What is DNA ligase?
These bind to the beginning of STR sequences
What are primers?
The transmission of a pathogen through contaminated food, water or objects is classified this way.
What is indirect transmission?
Before mature mRNA leaves the nucleus, these non-coding sections are removed.
What are introns?
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange sections of DNA through this process.
What is crossing over?
Bacteria can be genetically modified to produce this human hormone used in the treatment of diabetes.
What is insulin?
In gel electrophoresis, these DNA fragments travel the greatest distance through the gel.
What are the smallest DNA fragments?
a disease in humans caused by a single-celled Plasmodium species
What is malaria?
A mutation changes the DNA template triplet from TAC to TAG. This will change the mRNA codon from AUG to AUC. This type of mutation has occurred.
What is a substitution—or point mutation?
A carrier mother for an X-linked recessive condition and an unaffected father have a son. This is the probability that the son will inherit the condition.
What is 50%?
This gene-editing technology uses a guide RNA and an enzyme such as Cas9 to target a specific DNA sequence
What is CRISPR-Cas9?
In Sanger sequencing, these modified nucleotides terminate a growing DNA strand when incorporated.
What are dideoxynucleotides—or ddNTPs?
Influenza vaccines may need regular updating because mutations gradually alter the virus’s surface antigens through this process.
What is antigenic drift?