1
About 80% of the world's earthquakes occur in the ?
a. Alpide belt
b. Indian Ocean belt
c. Circum-Pacific belt
d. Middle Eastern belt
c. Circum-Pacific belt
Most of the earth's surface is covered by deposits of sand and mineral fragments, usually laid down by water. These deposits are called ?
a. sediments
b. silicates
c. continents
d. tectonic plates
a. sediments
The scale that is considered the most reliable method for measuring the energy released by an earthquake is the ? scale.
a. EEW
b. modified Mercalli
c. moment magnitude
d. Richter magnitude
c. moment magnitude
Eighty-five percent of all earthquakes are ? earthquakes.
a. deep-focus
b. shallow-focus
c. intermediate-focus
d. no-focus
b. shallow-focus
The middle of the earth's three main layers is the ?
a. curst
b. core
c. mesoterre
d. mantle
d. mantle
a. epicenter
b. exocenter
c. hypocenter
d. seismocenter
c. hypocenter
What major type of fault occurs when rocks on one side of the fault are shoved over the rocks on the other side?
a. normal fault
b. tectonic fault
c. strike-slip fault
d. thrust fault
d. thrust fault
What is the channel in a volcano through which gases, ash, and molten rock are ejected from the earth's interior?
a. cone
b. caldera
c. vent
d. lava tunnel
c. vent
Which of the following statements describes how domed mountains form?
a. Rock layers are pushed up as one plate moves beneath another at a subduction zone.
b. Molten rock on the surface of the earth forms a low dome-like structure.
c. Rocks on one side of a fault move upward while rocks on the other side move downward.
d. Molten rock pushes up overlying rock layers without reaching the surface
d. Molten rock pushes up overlying rock layers without reaching the surface
How do scientists determine the point where an earthquake begins?
a. estimating the duration of the earthquake
b. calculating the amount of energy released
c. comparing damage in different areas
d. measuring travel time of seismic waves
d. measuring travel time of seismic waves
Which type of volcano ejecta is large, irregularly shaped lump made of lava that hardened before being thrown out of the volcano?
a. aa
b. lapilli
c. pahoehoe
d. pillow lava
e. pyroclastic flow
f. volcanic ash
g. volcanic block
h. volcanic bomb
G. volcanic block
Which type of volcanic ejecta is hardened lava that forms rough, jagged rocks with a crumbly texture?
a. aa
b. lapilli
c. pahoehoe
d. pillow lava
e. pyroclastic flow
f. volcanic ash
g. volcanic block
h. volcanic bomb
A. aa
Which type of volcanic ejecta is solid ejecta larger than 2mm but less than 64mm in diameter?
a. aa
b. lapilli
c. pahoehoe
d. pillow lava
e. pyroclastic flow
f. volcanic ash
g. volcanic block
h. volcanic bomb
B. lapilli
Which type of volcanic ejecta is superheated cloud of gas and small particles that travels as an avalanche?
a. aa
b. lapilli
c. pahoehoe
d. pillow lava
e. pyroclastic flow
f. volcanic ash
g. volcanic block
h. volcanic bomb
E. pyroclastic flow
Which type of volcanic ejecta is formed when lava in water solidifies almost instantly, forming rounded structures?
a. aa
b. lapilli
c. pahoehoe
d. pillow lava
e. pyroclastic flow
f. volcanic ash
g. volcanic block
h. volcanic bomb
D. pillow lava
The study of earthquakes is called ?
seismology
The type of mountain that forms when molten rock erupts from a hole in the earth's crust is a ? mountain.
volcanic
An instrument used to record the vibrations caused by an earthquake is a ?
seismograph
tectonic
The strength of a volcanic eruption is measured using a scale called the ?
Volcanic Explosivity Index (or VEI)
What is an underground channel that formed when surface lava hardened before the lava underneath it?
lava tunnel
What is the idea that rocks on either side of a fault spring to a position of little or no stress after an earthquake?
elastic rebound
What is the fracture zone between stationary and moving rocks called?
fault
What is an opening in the earth's surface through which hot gases, ash, and molten rock are ejected from the earth's interior?
volcano
What is the boundary line between the crust and the mantle called?
Moho (or Mohorovicic discontinuity)