Life & The Scientific Method
Life emerges at the level of
What is a cell?
The mechanism for evolution
Natural selection
Bonds that share electrons
What are covalent bonds?
The four classes of biomolecules
What are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids?
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms
What are Enzymes?
Keeps as many variables the same as possible, except the independent variable
What is a control group?
Taking a population of plants or animals and selecting the ones that we like the best and only breeding those
What is Artificial Selection?
The smallest individual units that have properties of an element
What are atoms?
Number of amino acids
What is 20?
You would expect to find which amino acid in the active site of enzyme whose substance is starch
What is hydrophilic amino acids (polar or charged)?
These three domains classify all life forms on earth
What are bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?
The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, which are influenced by both genetic factors and the environment.
What is a phenotype?
An equal or unequal sharing of electrons between atoms in a molecules
What are polar and non-Polar bonds?
These small molecules are the building blocks of polymers
What are Monomers?
The structural alteration of an enzyme, leading to the loss of its biological activity, often caused by factors like extreme temperature or pH.
What is denaturation?
Complex traits that arise from the interactions and organization of simpler components within a system
What are emergent properties?
These changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA can be caused by errors during DNA replication, exposure, or viral infections, and can lead to diseases
What is Mutation?
Atom's ability to attract and hold electrons in a chemical bond.
What is electronegativity?
Proteins are denatured by
What is changes in temperature, pH, and salinity?
The specific region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction
What is the active site?
These cells differ primarily in the presence or absence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, with one type being simpler and often smaller
What are prokaryotes and eukaryotes cells?
A method used to determine the age of rocks or fossils by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes
What is Radiometric dating?
A chemical rule of thumb stating that atoms of main group elements tend to combine so that each atom has eight electrons in its outer shell. The same Configuration as a noble gas
What is an octet rule?
3 monosaccharides of carbohydrates
What are glucose, fructose, and galactose?
Five things that affect enzyme activity
What is temperature, pH, inhibitors, concentration, and presence of coenzymes/cofactors