Meiosis
Process in prophase I that leads to genetic variation
What is crossing over?
In a monohybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio of the F2s
What is 3:1?
Phenotype most commonly observed in natural populations
What is wildtype?
Enzyme responsible for "unzipping" DNA at the replication fork
What is helicase?
Mutation that subs one base for another
What is a point mutation?
Structures that line up along the metaphase plate in metaphase I
What are homologous chromosomes (or tetrads) ?
In a dihybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio of the F2s
What is 9:3:3:1?
In humans, the gene for color vision is found on this chromosome
What is the X chromosome?
Bond type that holds two strands of DNA together
What are H-bonds?
DNA is transcribed into this molecule
What is mRNA?
The random orientation of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I
What is independent assortment?
Probablity that two true breeding purple pea plants produce a white pea plant
What is 0?
In blood type inheritance, the A and B alleles are an example of this inheritance pattern
What is codominance?
Lagging strand fragments
What are Okazaki fragments?
Carries amino acids to the ribosome
What is tRNA?
Visualization of an individual chormosomes
What is karyotype?
A carrier has this genotype
What is heterogygous?
The fur color of calico/torti cats is a result of this in female mammals
What is x-inactivation/barr body?
Ends of chromosomes
What are telomeres?
Number of amino acids
What is 20?
Failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate
What is nondisjunction?
An AB parent and B parent, with 100% certainty, not produce this blood type child
What is O blood?
Mitochondrial DNA is inheritance from this parent
What is mom?
What is topoisomerase?
What is a poly-A tail?