Exam 1
When two or more alleles are equally expressed (red and white flowers)
Codominance
The max population size that an environment can sustain is called what?
Carrying Capacity, K
List the three types of biodiversity.
Genetic, chemical, and ecosystem
Name and describe the three germ layers
Ectoderm- the outermost layer, Endoderm- the innermost layer, and Mesoderm- the middle layer
What are the 3 functions of cell division?
Reproduction, growth, and repair
An exchange of corresponding segments between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes (allows for alleles to change positions)
Crossing over
Behaviors that are genetically hardwired and inherited by an organism from its parents that does not have to be learned.
Innate behaviors
True or false, viruses are living organisms.
False, they depend on a host to reproduce
Which clade has radial cleavage?
Deuterostomes
An amniote whose skull lacks one or more skull openings near the temples
Anapsid
Name and describe the two types of genetic drift.
Bottleneck Effect- resulting in a drastic reduction in population size (such as a hurricane).
Founder Effect- occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population and form a new population whose gene pool is not reflective of that of the original population
The concentration of chemicals, including toxins, in higher trophic levels of a food web
Biological magnification
List what the cell wall of each organism is made of: plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria
plants- cellulose, animals- none, fungi- chitin, and bacteria- peptidoglycan
The clade name for cartilaginous fish
Chondrichthyes
A membrane forming a fluid-filled cavity (the amniotic sac) that encloses the embryo, prevents desiccation, and acts as a shock absorber
Amnion
The study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work
Epigenetics
The process by which excessive nutrients in a body of water, mostly due to runoff, causes the overgrowth of algae and death of animal life from lack of oxygen
Eutrophication
What does the endosymbiotic theory state and explain?
That the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacterium (prokaryote). This theory explains the origin of eukaryotic cells.
The clade name for lobed-finned fish
Sarcopterygii
Hyphae that have a wall between cells is called?
Septate hyphae
What is required to meet Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
Large population, random mating, no mutations, no gene flow, and no natural selection
What do you call the recycling of chemicals that life depends on?
The biogeochemical cycle
Absorbing food instead of ingesting it
Saprotrophy
What are the interconnections between vertebrae?
Zygapophyses
What is the correct order for the taxonomic groups from most inclusive to least inclusive?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species