Intro To Biology
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cells are the smallest unit of life.
What is the smallest functional unit of matter? What is it composed of?
Atom
Protons: (+) charge, in nucleus
Neutron: neutral, in nucleus
Electrons: (-) charge, found in electron
What is a Hydrocarbon?
consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms
What is the Cell Theory? List at least 1
All living organisms are composed of one or
more cells.
Cells are the smallest units of life.
New cells come only from pre-existing cells
by cell division.
(Cells contain hereditary material (DNA),
which they pass to their offspring when they
divide).
Name the Chemical Bonds.
Ionic bond
Covalent bond
- Polar covalent bond
-Non-polar covalent bond
What is the process of the cell and body that maintains internal balance called?
Homeostasis.
What are the four most abundant elements?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Name the four classes of macromolecules
CARBOHYDRATES,LIPIDS, PROTEINS, NUCLEIC ACIDS
What are the two basic Cell Types?
Prokaryotic cells: “before the nucleus”
Eukaryotic cells: “true nucleus”
What shares 1 pair?
Single covalent bond:
What is Composed of macromolecules, controls the cells activities called
Organelles.
List out the PH Scale.
Acids: pH 6 or below
Bases: pH 8 or above
Pure water: pH is 7 – neutral
What is the function of protein. List atleast 1
Structural proteins (hair, nails, spider web)
Contractile proteins (in muscle cells)
Storage proteins (egg white: albumin)
Defensive proteins (antibodies)
Transport proteins (in membranes)
Messenger proteins (hydrophilic hormones)
contains/protects DNA from the metabolic processes
of the cell. What is it?
Nucleus
Not a chemical bond because they do not make molecules out of atoms. What is it?
Hydrogen bond
Name the three domains of life and each of their cellular function.
Bacteria-unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus)
Archaea-unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus)
Eukarya-unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes
What is the name for tendency of molecules sticking to itself? What is the name for sticking to other substances?
Cohesion: sticking to itself
Adhesion: sticking to other substances
composed of deoxyribose sugar,
phosphate group and A,C,G,T nitrogen bases. What is it?
DNA
What Provide structure, support and protection to
cells?
Cell wall
atoms sharing e-unequally, because of the
electronegativity of each. What is it?
Polar covalent Bonds
Name the Taxonomic Hierarchy from Top-Bottom.
Domain, Kingdom,Phylum,class,order,family,genus,species
This helps maintain a constant pH by removing or
adding H+ to solutions change in pH
Buffers
What is an energy molecule provides energy for cell activities called?
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
List the parts of the Endomembrane System.
vesicles, ER, and Golgi bodies
What does this represent?
Non-polar covalent bond