Digestive System
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
What is breaking down food to absorb nutrients?
This is the main molecule produced during cellular respiration that cells use for energy.
What is ATP?
These are the primary photosynthetic pigments in plants that absorb light energy.
What are chlorophylls?
This organ filters waste from the blood and produces urine.
What is the kidney?
This rigid outer layer is found in plant cells but not in animal cells, providing structural support.
What is the cell wall?
Which digestive organ releases acid to help break down food?
What is the stomach?
This is the first stage of cellular respiration and takes place in the cytoplasm.
What is glycolysis?
This is the gas taken in by plants from the atmosphere through small pores on their leaves, essential for photosynthesis.
What is carbon dioxide?
This tube carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
What is the ureter?
Name one organelle that is present in both animal and plant cells and is responsible for generating energy for the cell.
What is the mitochondrion (or mitochondria)?
In what order does food pass through the first three main parts of the digestive tract?
What are the mouth, esophagus, and stomach?
This gas must be present for the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain to proceed.
What is oxygen?
These are the organelles within plant cells where photosynthesis takes place.
What are chloroplasts?
This muscular sac stores urine before it is expelled from the body.
What is the urinary bladder?
These are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms, including both animals and plants.
What are cells?
In which part of the digestive system does most nutrient absorption occur?
What is the small intestine?
When oxygen is not available, human muscle cells perform this type of respiration, producing lactic acid.
What is anaerobic respiration (or lactic acid fermentation)?
This is the source of energy that drives the process of photosynthesis.
What is sunlight (or light)?
This is the tube through which urine is expelled from the urinary bladder out of the body.
What is the urethra?
Name one organelle involved in protein synthesis that is found in both animal and plant cells.
What are ribosomes?
Why doesn’t the stomach digest itself even though it contains strong acid and enzymes?
What is because the stomach is protected by a thick layer of mucus?
These two waste products are released during aerobic cellular respiration.
What are carbon dioxide and water?
Plants release this gas as a byproduct of photosynthesis, which is essential for animal life.
What is oxygen?
This is the general term for the fluid that is filtered from the blood in the kidneys and eventually becomes urine.
What is filtrate (or glomerular filtrate)?
Describe a key difference in how animal and plant cells obtain energy.
What is that animal cells obtain energy by consuming organic molecules, while plant cells can produce their own energy through photosynthesis in chloroplasts?