Cells
What are the 2 types of cells
Prokaryotic, eukaryotic
What part of the phospholipid bilayer is hydrophillic?
phosphate head
What is the shape of DNA
double helix
What does I PMAT C stand for?
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
What cancels out recessive traits
What is the main identification of a Prokaryotic cell
Lacks a nucleus
What model describes the structure of the plasma membrane
fluid mosaic model
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases in DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
How many chromosomes are in each gamete?
23
What is a karyotype?
A complete set of chromosomes
What are 5 organelles found in Eukaryotic cells?
Nucleus, mitochondria, vacuole, cytoplasm, ribosome, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
When does cytolysis occur?
When a cell is in a hypotonic solution
What replaces thymine in RNA
uracil
What phase does crossing over occur in meiosis
Prophase I
What is used to predict genetics
Punnett square
What are the 3 key ideas of cell theory
All living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, all cells come from pre-existing cells
What are the main components of the plasma membrane
Phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol
Where does transcription and translation occur?
transcription in the nucleus, translation in ribosomes
What happens in anaphase?
The chromosome pairs are pulled to either side of the cell
What is a genome
A complete set of genetic instructions found within a cell
What limits the maximum size of a cell?
Surface area to volume ratio
What is the difference between integral and peripheral proteins
Integral proteins are permanently embedded within the membrane, peripheral proteins loosely attach to the inner or outer surface.
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What happens in prophase I?
chromosomes condense, DNA is exchanged, homologous pairs physically connect.
What is homozygous and heterozygous
Homozygous is when you inherit two identical alleles (two dominant, two recessive)
Heterozygous is when you inherit two different alleles (one dominant, one recessive)