Digestion Process
This type of digestion involves enzymes breaking food into smaller molecules.
What is chemical digestion?
Most nutrient absorption occurs in this organ.
What is the small intestine?
This system removes excess and toxic substances from the body.
What is the excretory system?
This structure collects filtrate from the blood under high pressure.
What is Bowman’s capsule?
These chemical messengers travel through the bloodstream to target cells.
What are hormones?
This type of digestion increases surface area by breaking food into smaller pieces.
What is physical digestion?
This structure increases surface area for absorption in the small intestine.
What are villi?
These organs filter blood and regulate water and ion levels.
What are the kidneys?
This nephron structure is mainly responsible for water reabsorption.
What is the loop of Henle?
These specialised organs secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
What are endocrine glands?
These enzymes break down proteins.
What are proteases?
This condition damages villi in response to gluten, reducing nutrient absorption.
What is coeliac disease?
The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration and reabsorption.
What is a nephron?
This process moves useful substances like glucose back into the blood.
What is reabsorption?
This gland is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system.
What is the pituitary gland?
These enzymes are responsible for lipid digestion.
These enzymes are responsible for lipid digestion.
This ratio is reduced in people with coeliac disease, making absorption inefficient.
What is the surface area to volume ratio?
This process forces small molecules out of the blood into Bowman’s capsule.
What is filtration?
This tubule reabsorbs glucose and amino acids and secretes toxins.
What is the proximal convoluted tubule?
This hormone lowers blood glucose levels by converting glucose to glycogen.
What is insulin?
This substance, produced by the liver, emulsifies fats in the small intestine.
What is bile?
The only effective treatment for coeliac disease involves removing this protein from the diet.
What is gluten?
This kidney condition occurs when function drops below 15% capacity.
What is kidney failure?
This duct allows optional water reabsorption to concentrate urine.
What is the collecting duct?
This hormone increases blood glucose levels when they are too low.
What is glucagon?