Biochemistry
The four types of macromolecules
What is carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids?
Adenosine Triphosphate-provides immediate energy to a cell
What is ATP?
The body's tendency to maintain a constant internal environment.
What is homeostasis?
The first process that occurs between the air and a person's blood, the second process occurs between the blood and body tissue cells.
What is external respiration and internal respiration?
These are the four biogeochemical cycles, fifth cycle is a bonus of 100 points
What are hydrological, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles? Bonus-sulphur cycle
The permanent change in the shape of protein
What is coagulation?
Increases the surface area which increases the efficiency of photosynthesis
What is the thylakoid?
The small intestine is constructed of these three areas
What is the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?
This range on a spirograph measures the tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume
What is vital capacity?
This cycle does not cycle through the atmosphere
What is the phosphorus cycle?
The four factors that affect enzyme activity
What is pH, temperature, substrate concentration and inhibitors?
The equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis: 6CO2+6H20>C6H12O6+602
Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6+6O2>energy+6CO2+6H20
Trypsin and chymotrypsin digest proteins, ________ amylase digests starches, and lipase digests fat
What enzymes found in the pancreas?
These veins and arteries function in the opposite way from other veins and arteries in the body
What are pulmonary veins and pulmonary arteries?
These organisms make their own food, and these organisms feed on other organisms
What are autotrophs(producers) and heterotrophs(consumers)?
Carbohydrates can go by these names depending on their make up
What are monosaccharides and disaccharides? Bonus: 100 points for polysaccharides
The four stages of aerobic cellular respiration
What is glycolosis, Kreb's cycle preparation, Kreb's cycle, and electron transport chain
These four processes produce urine in millions of these structures in the kidney
What is filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, water absorption in the nephron?
Blood is composed of 55% of ____, 1% of ____, and 44% of _____
What is plasma, white blood cells, and red blood cells.
Bonus: 100 points for leukocytes (WBC), 100 points for erythrocytes (RBC)
1) Energy cannot be created or destroyed
2) Energy transformation is inefficient
What are the Laws of Thermodynamics?
These five solutions test for which molecule?
What is Benedict solution for monosaccharides, Iodine for polysaccharides, Biuret for protein, Sudan IV and translucence for lipids?
These two types of fermentation happen during anaerobic cellular respiration. One uses oxygen and one uses yeast to convert pyruvate
What is lactate fermentation that uses oxygen, and what is ethanol fermentation that uses yeast?
in the nephron, this side is only permeable to water, while the opposite side is only permeable to sodium ions.
What is the descending loop of Henle and the ascending loop of Henle?
1) Attack of foreign cells
2) Helper T cells bind to macrophage and learn about the antigen
3) Helper T cells alert B cells to start producing antibodies
4) Chemical messages from T cells stimulate Killer T cells
5)Memory T cells and Memory B cells are created for that particular antigen
6) Suppressor T cells return immune system to pre-infection state
What are the steps of the Immune Response?
This classification of organisms is in this order from top to bottom
What is taxonomy, starting with Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species?