Kreb Links
This is where Kreb's cycle occurs in
What is the matrix?
What are the high-energy electron carriers?
NADH & FADH2
The name of the disc shaped structures within the chloroplast where light dependent reactions occur.
Granum or Grana
What does carbon get fixed into?
RuBP
Unlike oxygen in aerobic respiration, this is one of the atoms (or compounds containing it) that can serve as the final electron acceptor in various forms of anaerobic respiration.
What is Sulfur, Nitrogen (in nitrate), or Carbon (carbonate)?
This molecule is byproduct of Kreb's cycle
What is CO2?
What is the oxygen's role?
final electron acceptor
The term for the process in which water molecules are split
Photolysis
This is the space within the chloroplasts where the calvin cycle occurs?
Stroma
In the process of fermentation in human muscle cells, this specific three-carbon waste product is formed when NADH transfers its electrons back to pyruvate, which is responsible for temporary muscle fatigue.
What is Lactic Acid (or Lactate)?
The molecule that enters Kreb's cycle
What is Acetyl-COA?
Why is water the by-product?
it accepts electrons and hydrogen ions
The molecule carrying energy, generated when protons (H+) flow through ATP synthase releasing electrons/protons.
ATP
How many times does this cycle need to occur to make one molecule of glucose?
These two common polysaccharides are both made of glucose monomers, but the difference in their linkage (or bond) structure allows one to be easily digested by humans (as an energy source) and the other to be undigested (as fiber).
What are Starch and Cellulose?
4 products of Kreb's cycle
What is CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP?
What happens to NADH & FADH2 after they donate electrons?
Oxidized back into NAD+. & FAD
The process where the energy from H+ gradient is harvested by the enzyme ATP synthase to convert ADP to ATP.
Chemiosmosis
What is the second step in the Calvin cycle?
Activation and reduction
Chlorophyll in plants appears green to the human eye because it absorbs these colours of visible light.
What are red and blue?
This what must happen to pyruvate to for it to bond with coenzyme A
What is losing a carbon atom?
What happens if there is a hole in the inner mitochondrial membrane?
the proton gradient will dissipate and ATP production will either be reduced or stopped.
Balanced chemical formula for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
How much ATP, NADPH, CO2 and RuBP are needed for one molecule of glucose?
18 ATP, 12 NADPH, 6 CO2 and 6 RuBP
While variable, this is the approximate volume (in liters) of oxygen (O2) that an average human uses in a single day at rest.
What is 550L?