These are nutrients needed in large amounts by organisms in order to build carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and nucleic acids.
What are macronutrients?
100
These microbes grow best at very hot temperatures.
What are thermophiles?
100
This type of reaction builds larger molecules from smaller molecules and requires energy.
What is anabolic reactions?
100
Phosphorylation is the addition of this. Substrate level phosphorylation happens in glycolysis and the Kreb's Cycle. Oxidative phosphorylation happens in the Electron Transport Chain.
What is a phosphate?
100
Most bacteria reproduce via this process
What is binary fission?
200
This cell structure protects bacterial cells from taking on too much water via osmosis when the concentration of water is greater outside the cell than it is inside the cell.
What is the cell wall?
200
These microbes grow best at very low pH.
What are acidophiles?
200
The process of fermentation alone produces this (gross) number of ATP.
What is 0?
200
In this phase of growth nutrients are depleted and waste products have built up to high levels.
What is the death phase?
300
Active and passive transport differ because passive transport does not require this
What is ATP?
300
An example of this type of relationship is helminthes. Helminthes infect the host and benefit with shelter and a source of nutrition while the host often loses weight and experiences other negative side effects.
What is a parasitic relationship?
300
Glycolysis produces this (gross) amount of ATP per molecule of glucose.
What is 4?
300
If given a single molecule of glucose, an obligate aerobe will produce this amount of ATP. While given a single molecule of glucose, an obligate anaerobe will produce this amount of ATP.
What are 38 (36ATP + 2GTP) and 2ATP?
300
Capnophiles grow best in a high concentration of this gas.
What is Carbon Dioxide?
400
This is what happens to a non-halophilic bacterium when it is immersed in a solution that contains more solute than the bacterium itself.
What is loses water/plasmolysis/shrinking?
400
These organisms live in aquatic environments that provide them with the pressure needed to keep their cell shape.
What are barophiles?
400
The doorway to the Kreb's Cycle converts a three carbon pyruvate molecule to this two carbon molecule.
What is Acetyl CoA?
400
This enzyme is powered by the Hydrogen gradient produced via the electron transport chain. It produces ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.
What is ATP synthase?
400
In this phase of bacterial growth, the number of bacteria being "born" via binary fission equals the number of bacteria dying due to the presence of toxins in the media.
What is stationary phase?
500
These organisms are able to make their own food typically via photosynthesis (sunlight + CO2 + H2O ---> glucose + O2)while these organisms get their food (carbon) via consuming other organisms or absorption from the environment
What are autotrophs and heterotrophs
500
These microbes contain both the enzymes for aerobic metabolism and anaerobic metabolism. If oxygen is present then they will use aerobic pathways. If it is absent then they will use anaerobic pathways.
What are facultative anaerobes?
500
This is the terminal electron acceptor for an obligate aerobe while this is the terminal electron acceptor for an obligate anaerobe.
What are oxygen and pyruvate?
500
An obligate aerobe recycles NADH to NAD in this metabolic pathway while an obligate anaerobe does so in this metabolic pathway.
What are the electron transport chain and fermentation?
500
When bacteria are transferred to a new media this phase will vary in length depending on how similar or different the new media is compared to the old media.