Chemistry Review
What is the difference between a covalent bond and ionic bond?
Ionic-between a non-metal and a metal, gives electrons.
Covalent- between two non-metals, shares electrons.
What are lipids?
Fatty acids that are insoluble in water
Is water polar?
Yes
What are the 6 characteristics of life?
Require energy
Reproduce
Maintain homeostasis
Evolve and adapt
Are made of cells
Display heredity
What does pino- mean?
Drink
What are ions?
An atom or molecule with a charge, due to the loss or gain of electrons.
What do monomers do?
They build macro-molecules that are polymers.
What are the properties of water?
-cohesion/adhesion
-surface tension
-temperature moderation
-high specific heat
-evaporated cooling
-universal solvent
What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular?
Unicellular is made of one cell and multicellular is made of many
What are polymers?
A long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks called monomers.
What type of mixture is a solution?
Homogeneous
-Carbohydrates
-Proteins
-Nucleic acids
-Lipids
How does a buffer affect the pH of a solution?
It stabilizes the pH.
What are the two types of cells?
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
What does hydrophillic mean?
Can absorb or dissolve in water
What is the difference between a compound and a molecule?
A compound is 2 different elements combined in a fixed ratio, and a molecule is 2 or more atoms joined together.
What is the functions of Lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins?
Lipids- store energy, act as structural components
Nucleic acids- Include DNA and RNA which are the information holders and messengers.
Carbohydrates- serve as fuel and building material
Proteins- required for the structure, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.
What is surface tension?
The measure of how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid
What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Autotrophs-make own food
Heterotrophs- consume other organisms
What is a solute?
Something that can dissolve in water.
What kind of chemical reaction involves oxygen and another substance producing water and carbon dioxide?
Combustion
How are polymers built and broken down?
Polymers are broken down into monomers via hydrolysis; the bond is broken.
Polymers are built via dehydration synthesis; covalently bonds
What is capillary action?
Water molecules move on there own through vessels of plants.
What is the difference between growth and development?
Growth- increase in size
Development- produces different abilities
What are polysaccharides?
Polymers of sugars
Serve many roles in organisms