The cell spends most of its lifetime in this phase
What is interphase?
100
The blueprint of life, responsible for the production of every protein in life
What is DNA?
100
Occurs in this very important phase of the cell cycle
What is the S phase?
100
The process by which DNA is converted to mRNA
What is transcription?
100
Mistake that occurs in DNA
What is a mutation?
200
An important part of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated (copied)
What is the S phase?
200
DNA is an acronym that stands for
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
200
The enzyme that is responsible for "building" the new DNA molecule
What is polymerase?
200
RNA strands replace this base with uracil (U).
What is thymine (T)?
200
The term for a mutation where one base has been replaced with another
What is a substitution?
300
The time specially for cell growth
What are the G phases?
300
The two strands are held together at the bases (ACTG) by these kinds of bonds
What are hydrogen bonds?
300
The enzyme that is responsible for "unzipping" the DNA strand
What is helicase?
300
The sets of three bases in which the RNA strands are read are known as this
What triplet codons?
300
These two kinds of mutations are very dangerous, causing frameshifts, and completely different proteins
What are insertions and deletions?
400
This occurs when cells do not know when to stop replicating
What is cancer?
400
The repeating units that make up the "backbone" of the DNA molecule
What are deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate?
400
DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative, which means that half of the replicated DNA is from the original strand, and the other half is from this strand
What is the new strand?
400
These are where the process of translation occurs
What are ribosomes?
400
A disorder that is clearly identifiable by the extra chromosome at the 21st pair
What is Down's Syndrome?
500
These are responsible for telling the cell when to start, stop, and die
What are proteins?
500
These are the part of DNA that are actually responsible for genetic diversity
What are the four bases?
500
The subunit of the DNA molecule, made up of a sugar, phosphate, and base.
What is a nucleotide?
500
During translation, the mRNA strand is matched with its tRNA anticodon, which is attached to one of these. Many of these put together makes a protein.
What is an amino acid?
500
A picture/view of all of an organisms chromosomes, lined up and grouped in pairs that allows us to easily identify any obvious genetic problems.